Milton’s Paradise Lost: The Story of Satan’s Power Politics

In Paradise Lost, Book I and II  the power battle between Satan, his devotees from one perspective  and God and his heavenly attendants on the different furnishes a decent story with sensational clash. In Book I Satan â€Å"who durst resist the Omnipotent to arms† develops as pioneer of a radical gathering who are overpowered by their first thrashing yet not thoroughly survive. As a discipline of his desire and dauntlessness, Satan and his friends were â€Å"hurled fast from the ethereal sky †¦to endless perdition.† (Bk.I.l.45)Like a legislator with vital knowledge he changes over this thrashing as a springboard for the  next fight and in like manner moves his supporters with a booming call: â€Å"What however the field be lost?/All isn't lost: the unconquerable will,/And investigation of vengeance, interminable hate,†(ll.105-07) He imparts a trust in his confidants that triumph and annihilation are in the possession of the warriors. So his clarion cal l to his military is routed to help their resolve and shake off their downturn: â€Å"Awake, emerge, or be for ever fallen!†. (l.330)There is additionally the indication that the main fight was lost because of absence of experience and an insufficient system. Besides, the quality of the adversary (the Almighty) was additionally not known. Presently looking back they can figure a superior procedure for a leaving on a war that can end just in triumph. In addition, he has a commendable lieutenant in Beelzebub who has incredible profound respect for the general and assemble the military. The tale of battle between the eager and plotting Satan and the Almighty has all the elements of a decent plot†a striking and solid wannabe as the hero, the clear graphic and account power, the great epic style, the sensational exchanges and the strategy of starting the story in action.Nine days after their removal from the rapture of Heaven, Satan and his devotees lie stunned in the consumi ng pool of Hell. At that point he rises and stirs his commendable Second-in-Command to lead his military to the singing dry land and hold a gathering to devise the triumphant procedure. By and by,  a tremendous gathering chamber is worked to hold a meeting of the incomparable Angels. Readers’ consideration is captured by the anticipation about the nature ofâ wrongdoing for which such brutal discipline has been allotted to them. Individuals from Satan’s internal circle †Moloch, Belial and Mammon †offer their assessments, yet it is Beelzebub’s recommendation about furtively destroying God’s new creation that is acknowledged as a fitting retribution against the Almighty.As none proposals to embrace this unsafe undertaking, Satan volunteersâ to take the journey to the earth in the wake of going through the Hell entryway and Chaos. Milton has utilized blaze back procedure to give prior occasions the assistance of dreams, memories and discussion s (in Books V-VIII) It appears in Satan Milton has subliminally made a character for whom he feels compassion and profound respect. In any case, C.S. Lewis invalidates this view in A Preface to Paradise Lost: â€Å"It may imply that Milton’s introduction of him is a grand poetical accomplishment which draws in the consideration and energizes the profound respect of the reader.† (Lewis.94) The setting of Hell is a necessary piece of Milton’s epic style. It is  appropriate as spot for discipline of the ousted holy messengers. Be that as it may, Satan with his creativity transforms it into a favorable position by raising an immense royal residence called Pandemonium. There he brings forth the connivance to wreck God’s creation. Hellfire additionally features the difference in situation for the heavenly attendants who have gone wrong. Milton gives us a clear record of the blazing damnation without light and the hopeless predicament of the fallen heavenly attendants squirming in pain.The vanquished devotees of Satan â€Å"who lay enchanted/thick as harvest time leaves that strow the brooks.†(ll.301-02). Milton further depicts them â€Å"with looks/sad and clammy †¦ have discovered their boss/not hopelessly, to have gotten themselves not lost/in misfortune itself;† (ll.522-26) To theâ disheartened devotees comes the inspiring call â€Å"Cherub and Seraph abounding in the flood/with dispersed arms and ensign,† The assemblage of the fallen holy messengers at Pademonium is portrayed with due ceremony:  â€Å"Of trumpets boisterous and clarions be upreared/his strong norm (ll.532-33)The battling soul of the unhappy and sodden adherents are raised with the assistance ofâ vibrant metal blowing military sounds and ten thousand vivid pennants vacillating in the breeze and serried shields in thick cluster pass on the impression of the arrangement of a counter assault. â€Å"The supreme ensign†¦with jewels and brilliant radiance rich emblazed,/Seraphic arms and trophies:(ll.538-39). We get a fantastic impression of Satan â€Å"in shape and motion gladly prominent/stood like a tower† (ll.590-91)â â€Å"his face/profound scars of thunder had intrenched †¦ under temples of dauntless mental fortitude, and extensive pride† (ll.600-603) The abundance of subtleties genuinely adjusts to the epic convention and adds to its grandeur.Millions of insubordinate spirits in this manner stand enduring quietly with steadfastness and commitment to their leader much in the wake of being flung from their unceasing wonder, â€Å"driven out of happiness, denounced/in his loathed profound to absolute misfortune;/where torment of unextinguishable fire† (Bk.II.ll.86-88). Satan’s makes a sensational break from Hell so as to secretly strike God by undermining his lovely creation. In any case, as indicated by F.R. Leavis, â€Å"After the initial two books, wonderful in their straightforward power (party governmental issues in the Grand Style Milton can compass), Paradise Lost, however there are time periods, gets dull and void: ‘all,’ as Raleigh says, ‘is force, unclearness, and grandeur.’ Milton’s deficiency to fantasy, actually, is so inescapable†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (Leavis 61)If the setting of Paradise Lost is transformed, we have another story. In present day period an individual ofâ Satan’s bore would be hailed as an enthusiastic pioneer of the resistance in a nation with fair set up. His objective is remove the decision party in power in the political decision. He would expect to persuade individuals by featuring the government’s disappointments and thinking little of its accomplishment. Normally, there would nor be God nor Satan, neither Heaven nor Hell, neither holy messengers nor fallen angels in the new situation. The desire to control would not be respected a culpable offence.Examples and equals flour ish. Numerous nations in Asia presently have aggressor gatherings of separatists who pronounce themselves as â€Å"Liberation Force† that pay equipped fights against their own legislature for opportunity and self-rule (naming them would be impulsive). Satan’s job has partiality with an aggressor worker's organization chief who some of the time, similar to Lech Walesa in Poland, can win political decision and  become the President. In stead of animal power the restriction head utilizes his political methodologies and correspondence ability to persuade lion's share regarding the voters that the decision party is to blame and their nation will be more secure in the possession of his political party. In U.K. the Labor party won the political decision ousting their opponent Tories in 1994 under the initiative of Tony Blair. It is the matter of the restriction to tear apart the exhibition of the decision party. He would condemn their strategies, assault their wastefulnes s, uncover their defilement and task them as answerable for country’s backwardness. He would offer better plans and procedures to get the nation out of the chaos. He doesn't need to battle genuinely to overcome his opponent like Satan, however the strategies ofâ assault have much resemblance.As Satan says: â€Å"our better part stays/to work in close structure, by extortion or guile,† (Bk.I.ll.645-46) and his constant accentuation on triumph: â€Å"For who can think accommodation? War at that point, war/open or comprehended must be resolved.† (ll.661-62) The restriction head frequently turns to slandering comments and subverting the picture of his adversary as Satan exposes God, â€Å"Who now triumphs, and in abundance of euphoria/sole ruling holds the oppression of heaven.† (ll.123-24) The political opponent is introduced as oppressor.The principle distinction is that in Milton’s world there no impartial voters who choose the destiny of the pion eers. It is God and his heavenly attendants are in force, and Satan and his goal-oriented supporters attempt to oust Him. Like genuine governmental issues there are fence-sitters and deserters in Paradise Lost. The radical leaders’ meeting in Book II to talk about and banter their systems has an equal in present day legislative issues. It might be contended that Milton’s strict epic despite everything have significance in a mainstream world. Satan’s story is everyman’s look for force and his battle to pick up it.The hidden topic of Satan’s battle against God and his holy messengers is that ofâ scan for control and persuade an unsettled gathering of fallen blessed messengers and a determinationâ to forfeit everything to vanquish Heaven and rule it. As Satan broadcasts: â€Å"to be feeble is hopeless,/Doing or suffering:† (ll.157-58) â€Å"To wage forcibly or trickiness everlasting war,/Irreconcileable to our great foe,† (ll.121-22)  The primary characters, the epic style, the rousing discourse, and the groundwork for a â€Å"perpetual war† all assistance to build up the topic of quest for power and the utilization all way to get it. Satan shows the correct mentality of a champ who might not acknowledge anything short ofâ triumph as he talks openly about it: â€Å"To rule is worth desire, however in Hell:/Better to reign in Hell than serve in Heaven.†(Bk.I.ll.262-63) Satan speaks to the opportunity adoring maverick who likewise exhibits incredible down to business sense by adjusting to the cruel real factors ofâ Hell and consoles himself with his mental knowledge: â€Å"The mind is its own place, and in it

Ownership of Land Memo Example

Responsibility for Memo Example Reminder From: Jessica Smith To: Mary Rhodes Re: The Daniels Family Arranging Permission The instance of Price Ors v Leeds City Council [2005] EWCA Civ 289 is discernable from the circumstance of our customers on the premise that all things considered it was not contested that the neighborhood authority had title to the involved land though here the Daniels are the proprietors of the land having bought it from Norman Guild. In any case, Price stays huge in that it raises the issue of the activity of Article 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights which cherishes the privilege to the regard for everyone’s â€Å"private and family life, his home and correspondence† and gives that: â€Å"(2) There will be no impedance by an open authority with the activity of this right, aside from, for example, as per the law and is vital in a popularity based society in light of a legitimate concern for national security, open wellbeing or the monetary prosperity of the country†¦..or for the assurance of the rights and opportunities of others.† While the issue here isn't equivalent to in Price where Article 8 was being raised as a potential barrier to a case for ownership which was evident on different grounds since the tramps had not been conceded a permit or some other option to involve, it might be contended that the prerequisite that the Daniels empty or be presented with an Enforcement Notice controlling their utilization of the land for private reasons for existing is a comparative encroachment of Article 8. Mid-Bedfordshire DC v Thomas Brown Ors [2004] EWCA Civ 1709 turned upon the subject of the fittingness of suspending a directive expecting area to be abandoned for such a long time as would permit handy consistence yet not until assurance of an arranging application. In any case, it is of help with that it applies the standards built up by the House of Lords in South Bucks DC v Porter [2003] 2 AC 558 followed and applied by two choices of the Court of Appeal in Davis Ors v Tonbridge Malling DC [2004] EWCA Civ 194 and Coates Ors v South Bucks DC [2004] EWCA Civ 1378 and subtleties the contending interests and optional standards which a court in concluding whether to concede such an order ought to gauge: the down to earth issues of implementation confronting the court if a directive is penetrated, the council’s position on the arranging merits, the likelihood that the gathering may go to an alternate arranging judgment, the arranging history of the site, the level of blatancy of the break of arranging controls, the accessibility of reasonable elective destinations, the privilege allowed by Article 8 and, of specific noteworthiness for this situation, compassionate contemplations of wellbeing, security and instruction specifically, those unfavorably influencing any kids included. In the light of these rules, our customers are helped here by the extraordinary needs of Charlene and the soundness of Michael and Jane especially considering the way that the limited accessibility of appropriate elective convenience will prompt a fracture of the nuclear family with antagonistic ramifications for the consideration of the older couple. On these standards it is conceivable to suggest that our customers get an order suspending any endeavor to evacuate them pending assurance of an arranging application by them. The standards to be applied in deciding such an arranging application are gone ahead in South Cambridgeshire DC v First Secretary of State McCarthy Ors (2004). In the main occurrence the arranging overseer will be required by s.54A of the Town and Country Planning Act 1990 to weight the important material contemplations against the significant neighborhood advancement plan and strategies. In R (on the utilization of Evans) v First Secretary of State Anor [2005] EWHC 149. Here Newman J held that as an issue of guideline where an application for arranging authorization was made in regard of greenbelt land (where private improvement would commonly be assumed against) rover status alone couldn't be determinative of any case. In this manner, our client’s case should be considered on its individual benefits with the assumption against greenbelt improvement being weighed against the rights presented by Article 8 and a thought of the accessibility of elective convenience. Invigorated the of our clients’ Article 8 rights, the issue of elective settlement is probably going to be basic. In Robert Simmons v (1) First Secretary of State (2) Sevenoaks DC [2005] EWHC 287 it was shared conviction that the advancement of a rover site in a greenbelt zone was improper. It was held that for such improvement to be permitted â€Å"very extraordinary circumstances† were required to legitimize it. All things considered, the arranging monitor permitted a resistance to the Enforcement Notice based on an absence of elective destinations. This was tested by the Secretary of State who was reprimanded by Newman J for putting together his choice with respect to an absence of proof of looks for choices by the candidate. Consequently on account of our customers there should be â€Å"clear evidence† from experimental sources accessible to the nearby authority of an absence of options. We ought to be energized by the concession that there is as of now just one space accessible on nearby power destinations in the zone however it must be recognized that this reality alone won't be indisputable of a total absence of sensible other options. Our clients’ case is debilitated by the way that private consideration or quaint little inn convenience is accessible for Michael and Jane. In Leanne Codona v Mid-Bedfordshire DC [2004] EWCA Civ 925, it was held that a neighborhood authority may get away from infringement of Article 8 by offering quaint little inn convenience gave this was of sensible quality and term. On the off chance that, furthermore, the site accessible to Henry and Sandra permits Charlene to keep on going to William de Ferrers school, the neighborhood authority may prevail with regards to denying arranging agree to our customers without abusing their Article 8 rights or different standards administering the award of authorization to vagabonds for advancement on greenbelt land. School Exclusion Expecting that the school from which Dean has been barred was a looked after school, the School Standards and Framework Act 1998 will apply. Segment 64 of the Act permits the head instructor to reject a student for at least one repaired periods to a limit of 45 days in any one school year. There is subsequently nothing frightful on a fundamental level to an avoidance of 5 days. Since the avoidance doesn't surpass 5 days, the superintendent isn't under the obligation forced by s.65(4) to educate the LEA and the overseeing body of the prohibition and bear the cost of the governor’s the chance to consider the rejection under the system set down in s.66 and Schedule 18 of the Act except if by being so barred Dean has lost the chance to take an open test. Be that as it may, such avoidance is liable to s.68 of the Act which requires a head educator to â€Å"have respect to any direction given every once in a while by the Secretary of Stateâ€Å". This direction is as of now contained in DfES Circular 10/99. Dean’s Head Teacher would give off an impression of being in penetrate of this direction. His choice to send Dean home â€Å"on the spot† and inability to illuminate his folks contradicts passage 1 of Annex D of the Circular: â€Å"A head educator who rejects a student should ensure the parent is advised quickly, in a perfect world by phone, and that the call is trailed by a letter inside one school day. A rejection ought to ordinarily start on the following school day [emphasis supplied].† Passage 6.2 of the Circular expresses that â€Å"exclusion ought not be chosen without giving it much thought except if there is an impending danger to the security of others in the school or the student concerned†. While Dean’s utilization of brutality is adequately genuine to warrant avoidance, the head educator has neglected to comply with para.6.3 which expects him to consider â€Å"all the pertinent realities and firm evidence†. Specifically, he is obliged to â€Å"check whether an occurrence had all the earmarks of being incited by racial or sexual harassment†. Dean’s guardians ought to have been educated regarding their entitlement to express their case to the Governing Body’s Discipline Committee. Passage 7 of Annex D is uncertain in Dean’s case. It expresses that â€Å"if the prohibition is less than 5 days† the Discipline Committee can't immediate restoration however ought to think about any announcement from the parent; reestablishment is accessible for avoidances of â€Å"more than 5 days in a term†. In any case, our customers should express their case to the Discipline Committee. Indeed, even where reestablishment isn't accessible (which given the span of the avoidance and the way that Dean will be back at school before the Committee can be relied upon to meet) they will be empowered to give their perspectives and the Committee (para.11) can consider whether to add data to Dean’s record (para.16). In this way, despite the fact that the â€Å"damage has been done† by the rejection, the full conditions of the occurrence can be investigated and Dean’s record rectified in like manner.

11 Ways to Write Better

11 Ways to Write Better We are all writers now. Whether you write books, blog posts, emails, Instagram captions, or text messages, you are a writer. No matter your preferred medium, here are a few tips to help you write more effectively. Treat text messages like prose. Before hitting the send button, review your text: spelling, content, punctuation. Ask yourself: What am I attempting to communicate? What am I attempting to express? Be more deliberate with your most common form of casual writing, and youll automatically become more deliberate in other mediums. Words are tools. Expand your vocabulary to make your writing more precise. Theres no need to use a ten-dollar word when a ten-cent word will suffice, but having more tools in your toolbox will allow you to select the most appropriate tool for the job. Sometimes you need an ax, sometimes you need a scalpel. Pick one new word each day, and then use it at least 21 times in your conversations with others that day. The most useful words will stick, and your vocabulary will expand over time. Do it daily. If you want to improve your writing, write every day. Writing is a muscle: if you dont use it, you lose it. For me, the best way to guarantee consistent writing was to start a blog. (Related article: How to Start a Successful Blog Today.) Punctuation. Is. Pace. To add variety, velocity, and cadence to your writing, play around with different punctuation: periods, commas, em dashes, colons, semicolons. Short, succinct sentences communicate tension. Longer, run-on sentences, on the other hand, help establish a frantic, hurried rhythmâ€"a feeling that the pace is picking up as the words tumble onto the page. Avoid throat-clearing. Blogs, books, and social media posts are littered with unnecessary intros, solipsistic digressions, and avoidable drivel. Ditch the nonsense and state your points. When in doubt, delete your first two paragraphs and see whether the writing improves. Don’t waste the reader’s time. Our time and our attention are two of our most precious resources. It is selfish to force a reader to spend fifteen minutes reading something you couldveâ€"and shouldveâ€"communicated in 90 seconds. If you want to earn your readers trust, dont waste their time. 30% composition, 70% editing. For every hour you spend writing, spend three hours editing, shaping your work into something more concise, more powerfulâ€"more beautiful. Writing truly is rewriting. Narrative urgency. Every sentence must serve a purpose: Your first sentence must make the reader want to read the second. The second sentence must propel the reader to the third. So forth and so on until the very end. If a sentence doesnt move the narrative forwardâ€"if it doesnt make the writing more urgentâ€"then it must hit the cutting-room floor, no matter how clever or precious it seems. Avoid too many adverbs. A sure sign of amateur writing is the overuse of adverbs, especially -ly adverbs. A woman in a story isnt incredibly prettyâ€"shes beautiful; the sky isnt very blueâ€"its azure. Find the perfect words to avoid using adverbs as crutches. Follow the rules, and then unfollow the rules. Learn the rules so you can break them successfully. I recommend two books to my writing students to help them understand the guidelines of good writing: Grammatically Correct and Garners Modern English Usage. Read more about writing. No matter your level of competency, theres always room for improvement. For daily tips and writing-related articles, follow How to Write Better on Facebook and Twitter, and subscribe to the free How to Write Better newsletter. If youre serious about improving your writing, and youre willing to put in the time and effort, I teach a dozen new students each month in my four-week online writing class, How to Write Better. Free Ebook 11 Ways to Write BetterWrite more effectively! Download the free ebook, 11 Ways to Write Better, which contains all of these writing tips in one beautifully designed volume. Email* This iframe contains the logic required to handle Ajax powered Gravity Forms. jQuery(document).ready(function($){gformInitSpinner( 10, 'https://www.theminimalists.com/wp-content/themes/the-mins/images/spinner.gif' );jQuery('#gform_ajax_frame_10').on('load',function(){var contents = jQuery(this).contents().find('*').html();var is_postback = contents.indexOf('GF_AJAX_POSTBACK') >= 0;if(!is_postback){return;}var form_content = jQuery(this).contents().find('#gform_wrapper_10');var is_confirmation = jQuery(this).contents().find('#gform_confirmation_wrapper_10').length > 0;var is_redirect = contents.indexOf('gformRedirect(){') >= 0;var is_form = form_content.length > 0 var mt = parseInt(jQuery('html').css('margin-top'), 10) + parseInt(jQuery('body').css('margin-top'), 10) + 100;if(is_form){jQuery('#gform_wrapper_10').html(form_content.html());if(form_content.hasClass('gform_validation_error')){jQuery('#gform_wrapper_10').addClass('gform_validation_error');} else {jQuery('#gform_wrapper_10').removeClass('gform_validation_error');}setTimeout( function( ) { /* delay the scroll by 50 milliseconds to fix a bug in chrome */ jQuery(document).scrollTop(jQuery('#gform_wrapper_10').offset().top - mt); }, 50 );if(window['gformInitDatepicker']) {gformInitDatepicker();}if(window['gformInitPriceFields']) {gformInitPriceFields();}var current_page = jQuery('#gform_source_page_number_10').val();gformInitSpinner( 10, 'https://www.theminimalists.com/wp-content/themes/the-mins/images/spinner.gif' );jQuery(document).trigger('gform_page_loaded', [10, current_page]);window['gf_submitting_10'] = false;}else if(!is_redirect){var confirmation_content = jQuery(this).contents().find('.GF_AJAX_POSTBACK').html();if(!confirmation_content){confirmation_content = contents;}setTimeout(function(){jQuery('#gform_wrapper_10').replaceWith(confirmation_content);jQuery(document).scrollTop(jQuery('#gf_10').offset().top - mt);jQuery(document).trigger('gform_confirmation_loaded', [10]);window['gf_submitting_10'] = false;}, 50);}else{jQuery('#gform_10').append(contents);i f(window['gformRedirect']) {gformRedirect();}}jQuery(document).trigger('gform_post_render', [10, current_page]);} );} ); jQuery(document).bind('gform_post_render', function(event, formId, currentPage){if(formId == 10) {if(typeof Placeholders != 'undefined'){ Placeholders.enable(); }} } );jQuery(document).bind('gform_post_conditional_logic', function(event, formId, fields, isInit){} ); jQuery(document).ready(function(){jQuery(document).trigger('gform_post_render', [10, 1]) } ); You May Also Enjoy How to Start a Successful Blog Today Learn how to start a blog in less than an hour. Follow the step-by-step instructions we used when starting our blog, which now has reached more than 20 million people. Creating this blog is one of the best decisions Ryan and I ever made. After all, our blog is how we earn a living. More important, it's how we add value to other people's lives. Read more 30-Day Minimalism Game Let's play a simple game together. We call it the 30-Day Minimalism Game. Find a friend, family member, or coworker who's willing to minimize their stuff with you next month. Read more Subscribe to The Minimalists via email.

Symbolic Interactionism In A Subculture - 1400 Words

Every individual is involved in various groups, activities, relationships, and roles, therefore participating in a subculture. Objective and subjective contingencies influence one’s involvement with their subculture. These shifts and stages of involvement form one’s subcultural career. Analyzing such subcultural careers from the symbolic interactionist perspective teaches one much about the interpretive and social dimensions of participation in a subculture. An understanding of the theoretical framework of symbolic interactionism and of the definitions of concepts such as subcultures and subcultural careers provides a framework for effectively analyzing my career in the Tylenol drug subculture. The symbolic interactionist perspective to†¦show more content†¦Symbolic interactionism sees reality as constantly changing, based on individuals’ experiences and construction of meanings. The term â€Å"subculture† is used in many contexts. The Dictionary of the Social Sciences defines subculture as â€Å"a set of distinctive norms, values, artifacts, language, symbols, or forms of knowledge that a particular social group uses to distinguish itself from the dominant culture† (Calhoun, 2002). Membership in a subculture involves these characteristics, among others, such as identify and perspective. A drug subculture, specifically, is â€Å"a group in which the use, distribution, and/or regulation of [a] drug is a focal endeavour† (McLuhan, 2017). Drug subcultures can involve either legal or illegal drugs. Symbolic interactionists analyze drug use with the social learning theory, perceiving the formation of drug subcultures as learned behavior based on interactions with society (McLuhan, 2017). Participation in a subculture is a career. A career is â€Å"a patterned sequence of occupational roles though which individuals move over the course of a working life, implying increased prestige and other rewards, although not ex cluding downward occupational and social mobility† (Scott Marshall, 2009). One’s subcultural career involves the stages, sequences, and shifts of one’s participation in that subculture. Every career contains different stages; however, four stages are common: initial involvement, sustained and intensifyingShow MoreRelatedCharles Horton Cooley and the Symbolic Interactionism Theory1303 Words   |  6 PagesCharles Horton Cooley and the Symbolic Interactionism Theory Should we associate the abandonment of ‘self’ with symbolic interactionism? Do you feel the need to ‘change your stripes’ to fit in with society? ‘An individual is an abstraction unknown to experience, and so likewise is society when regarded as something apart from individuals.... 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Essay about The Ideal Leader - 1342 Words

How would the world be different if we had a president who habitually did the right thing and was admired by everyone? In a world where the political scene is constantly changing and is often dominated by tyrants, we can go back in time and gather wisdom from Plato as to what an ideal leader looks like. For instance, most leaders we see today are proud, self-seeking and trapped in a cave that tells them that success comes from oppression and looking out for their own good; however, Plato shows us in Paragraph 65 that â€Å"if they go about, hungering for their own private advantage†¦ the civil and domestic broils which thus arise will be the ruin of the rulers and state.† As we have seen time and time again (Saddam Hussein, etc) leaders who†¦show more content†¦I believe we find a very valuable truth here about what true leadership and thus what true enlightenment should look like—it does not come from excessive power but rather from the light of the truth . Because of this I propose that the â€Å"enlightenment† Plato is talking about here is not that one has reached optimum knowledge; instead, enlightenment is the ability of looking at our world and seeing the truth. Therefore true enlightenment is when one ceases to seek to know everything and instead, yearns to understand the truth. The reason I think this is because Plato says that â€Å"neither the uneducated and uninformed of the truth, nor those who never make an end to their education will be able ministers of the state†. This would imply to me that enlightenment is not just a drive for knowledge, but rather it is the ability to correctly apply knowledge to life. So instead of this enlightenment puffing up the leader, it would lead him to be humble, as he understands that he is not better then others but merely has greater wisdom, and because of this wisdom, he will never look at the world the same again (55). But what does this enlightenment have to do with leading and how does one become this great leader? In Plato’s allegory we find that enlightenment must be a gradual progress (21); the leader can’t all of the sudden become enlightened; instead, this leader must have aShow MoreRelatedThe Ideal Leader1998 Words   |  8 Pages1). A description of ideal leadership as you see it and how this description has evolved over the course of the semester. I believe the ideal leader should have a variety of skills and traits that will lead to success in any environment. I think that each environment or setting requires a balance of each depending on the situation. I think these basic skills are required to make an ideal leader. 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Proposing a solution for global warming Free Essays

INTRODUCTION. The occurrence of increased average temperature in the earth’s surface air and water bodies in the recent decades and its projected continuation constitutes global warming.  These increments in temperatures are due to higher amounts of green gas concentrations, which warm the surface and lower atmosphere thereby increasing the green house effects  On the other hand, natural phenomena such as volcanoes and solar variation have also impacted on global warming(1). We will write a custom essay sample on Proposing a solution for global warming or any similar topic only for you Order Now Increased global temperatures results into other changes such as sea level rise, changes in precipitation patterns that result in floods, droughts and glacier retreat. These adverse effects of global warming have sparked off serious debate especially after Intergovernmental Panel on Climatic change (IPCC) projected climatic models that global surface temperatures are likely to increase to 6.40C (2.0 TO 110F) between 1990 and 2100.(2)The debate focuses on world scale regarding, what, if any, action should be taken to adapt to expected consequences or reduce future warming.  There is however a general agreement that affirmative action should be taken to avert further crisis.(3) To this effect, most governments have signed and ratified the Kyoto Protocol aimed at reducing the green gas emissions, which cause global warming. The major challenge to this process is that industrialized nations who are the major contributors of green house gases such as America are reluctant to make this worthy commitment(4).  The main aim of Kyoto protocol is to reduce â€Å"Anthropogenic Climatic Change†(Human induced changes).It is believed that implementation of the Kyoto protocol will plummet these climatic changes. However, thermal inertia of the earth’s ocean and slow responses of other indirect effects would still cause further warming but at drastically reduced levels that are not very harmful (at 0.90f) as indicated by climatic changes studies.(5) The scientific consensus indicates levels of green house gases due to human activity. In 1824, Joseph Fourier discovered the green gas effect, and Svante Arrhenius investigated it quantitatively in 1896.Green house effect is the process by which absorption and emission by infrared radiation by atmospheric gases warms a planet’s atmosphere and its surface(6). The green house gases include natural ones such as water vapor, carbondioxide, methane, ozone and nitrous oxide. Atmospheric concentrations of carbon and methane have increased by 31% and 149% above pre-industrial revolution times since 1970.This occurrence has been attributed to fossil fuel burning and other anthropogenic causes such as deforestation.(7)Further, carbon dioxide levels are expected to increase due to ongoing fossil fuel burning processes around the globe. And land use change. This will depend on uncertain economic, technological and natural developments.(8) IPCC projected increase of methane from melting permafrost peat bogs in Siberia may lead to significant additional sources of green gas emissions.(9)  Thus, the effect of global warming including sea level rise, extreme weather events, stream flows, and change in rainfall patterns, increased deaths, displacements and increased economic losses projected due to extreme weather may even be exacerbated by increased population densities.(10) There is also expected reduction of ozone layer, intensity and frequency of hurricanes and worse, spread of diseases such as malaria and other epidemiological related ailments. A typical example is the current heavy rains experienced in Britain, which scientists have attributed to be, and effect of global warming.(11) The scientists, lead by Peter Stott at Hadley center, have used computer models in finding evidence to predict the course of global warming which all show heavy rainfall as it is documented in the local daily, The Independent. The effects of these rains have been disastrous with many Britons fleeing their homes.(12) Britain is currently making headlines in the world media; only because of the destructive results its citizens are experiencing from the heavy rains. The new Prime Minister called a crisis meeting with the top leadership of his government in response to this crisis.(13)  The rains have left many Britons desperate and in dire need of humanitarian assistance. Droughts attributed to global warming currents witnessed in several parts of the world such as Sub-Saharan Africa has left their citizens in famine and utter penury,(14) malnourished only to depend on aid. Surely the world cannot continue like this, it is only prudent, affirmative action is taken to avert this situation THE   Ã‚  SOLUTIONS. Just as it is called Global warming, it needs global solution, which calls for nothing other than global input. Participation of the whole globe is necessary without exclusion of any particular state or individual.  Efficiency in the use of energy (Use of renewable energy) is a major step to reduce global warming to reduce dependenc4 on oil and other fossil fuels that cause global warming. Currently, over 70% of USA electricity comes from fossil fuels such as coal, natural gas and oil in contrast to only 2% from renewable energy sources(15). We should therefore focus on sources such as wind, solar, georthermal and bioenergy to generate our electricity instead of fossil fuel sources that increase global warming emissions. It is indeed true that these measures need radical step. Fortunately, we have the solutions, and the energy to implement them(16). What we lack is the will. The steps we make will in most cases save consumer’s money. Radical measures include total overhaul of our practices, where instead of Deforestration, we should plant trees in bare lands. Deforestation accounts for 20% of global warming. We should therefore protect threatened forests(17).  Most scientists believe postponing these measures would require much more input once severe consequences occur than if we had implemented them today. Pollution of the atmosphere needs to stop forthwill, it will become an irreversible damage and we had better stopped the practice. Carboon dioxide remains in the atmosphere for about 100 years.(18) Pollution practice would require more duration to reverse its effects on global warming, we better prevent this. Waste damping particularly in water bodies such as rivers needs to be addressed to avoid decomposition and subsequent release of carbon dioxide that would increase the green house effect in the atmosphere.(19) We must also strive to reduce the production of Chlorofluorocarbons that are powerful green house gases and ozone depleters .(20) For such a radical course, legislation control from the central government in different democracies and even globally is apparent. However, individual citizens must institute in themselves the required environmental standards to make it their own initiative to act on this end. For instance it would be wiser to use a push mower to cut your lawn instead of a power mower(21). Or have a low water-use machine. It is also wise to reduce the water heater thermostat heating degree. Buying energy efficient compact fluorescent bulbs for most used lights in the house is also important. A solar water heater system instead of electric or other fuel use is wiser move. In addition, an individual should drive a fuel-efficient car or a new hybrid gasoline electric vehicle. Insulating homes, installing energy efficient showerheads and even tuning up of the furnace are some of the basic steps individuals should implement to reduce global warming(22). Wise and committed person (not necessarily an environmentalist) should also contact his or her utility company for a home energy audit check for poor insulations or energy-inefficient places in the home. Other credible moves to reduce global warming by individuals include wrapping up the heater in an insulating jacket. Workers should also consider leaving their cars at home for some days and then walking to work or alternatively using public means of transport. Recycling of wastes newsprint, cardboard, glass and metals are also better alternatives to using non-renewable that emit green gases after use.(23) People should also consider buying food and other products with less packaging or reusable packaging instead of those in non-recyclable packaging. I believe most measures outlined above are but mere common sence, very achievable if we introduce discipline amongst ourselves.(24) Drastic reduction of global warming will have much more benefits that would outweigh possible risks involved in its implementation. We as humans must entitle ourselves to tackle the anthropogenic causes of global warming to treat the world we live in(25). The world’s leading scientific authority on global warming documents that the warming of the last 50 years has been due to anthropogenic (human caused) green house gases. The panel, after monitoring current trend of human approach to the envoiroment, further says the rise could be by 50C this century.(26) This would represent twice the entire warming after the last ice age 12000 years ago and it would take place in 100 years. Shocking! More confirmation to human destructive trends on the atmosphere were detailed in the recent statement by the American Geophysical Union that there is no known geological precedent for the transfer of Carbon from the Earth crust to the atmospheric carbon dioxide. Inequalities comparable to the burning of fossil fuels, without simultaneous changes in other parts of the carbon cycle and climate system( 27). We must therefore strive to achieve our aim through all means including institutionalization of global warming reduction programs such as developing systems to clean our electric power plants, currently using coal to produce electricity. This should be converted into plants that burn cleaner natural gas.(27) In addition, harnessing clean, abundant energy of the sun and wind is a viable measure to solving the global warming problem.  We have what it takes to make the globe a better place to live in. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The havoc global warming has caused the earth is perhaps the greatest. From its effects such as floods, droughts we have seen, read and understood the implications of destroying our atmosphere.(28) Millions of lives have been lost through its related effects.  Implementation of the possible solutions outlined in this essay, provides the framework for improving our livelihood in the globe.  For this worthy course, every single individual or nation on the globe must play an active role through involvement in the pragmatic measures aimed at alleviating global warming from the world.This should be done today. REFERENCES 1,2,3 .Revkin, Andrew C, Rise in Gases Unmatched by a history in ancient ice, The New York times, 2005-11-05 4-9Tans, Peter, Trends in Atmospheric carbon dioxide, Mauna Loa.National oceanicand Atmospheric Administration. 10-14Hansen, James; et al (2006-09-26) Global temperature Change PNAS 103 14288-14293 15-23Purse, Betham V, Philips (Feb 2005) Climate change and the recent emergence of bluetongue in Europe (2) 171-181 24-28Harte, John, et al, Shifts in Plant Dominance Control Carbon Cycle Response To Experimental Warming and widespread drought environmental research letters How to cite Proposing a solution for global warming, Essay examples

Business Finance And Quantitative Methods Of Dick Smith Holdings

Question: Discuss about the Business Finance And Quantitative Methods Of Dick Smith Holdings Limited. Answer: Introduction This particular essay attempts to heighten a brief summary of the ownership history of Dick Smith Holdings Limited. It also incorporates the critical evaluation of the valuation of the company when it was acquired by Anchorage Capital Partners and its Initial Public Offer (IPO) amount. The essay also attempts to assess the ethical dilemmas that face Anchorage Capital Partners regarding the floating of the company and the senior executives and directors of Dick Smith Holdings Limited in respect to its financial reports made in the 2014/2015 accounts and reports. Dick Smith Holdings Limited was an Australian wide-chain of retail stores domiciled in Sydney, Australia and was founded by Dick Smith in 1968 (Dick Smith Holdings Limited annual reports, 2015). The company basically sold consumer electronics goods, electronic project kits and hobbyist electronic components for its customers in Australia, New Zealand and other parts of the world. The company expanded effectively into New Zeala nd and unsuccessful in some other nations globally (Anderson, Sweeney, Williams, Camm, and Cochran, 2012). Dick Smith Holdings Limited expanded to be a leading business in Australia that ensured that almost every electronic enthusiastic in the country has one of its catalogs and thus enhanced profits. In the FY2012, Dick Smith Holdings Limited was formerly acquired by Anchorage Capital Partners at an opening cash payment of AU$20 Million and the total ultimate cost of some AU$115 Million. Brief summary of the ownership history of the Dick Smith Holdings Limited Dick Smith Holdings Limited was initiated in 1968 by Dick Smith. The company started as small rented buildings in a car park in the Sydney area of Neutral Bay with the total capital of just AU$610 and focused mostly on servicing and installing car radios (Puncheva, and Michelotti, 2014). Due to the company rapid increase and success in the business sector, the company moved to a bigger premises so as to enhance its business operations in the country. The company profited mostly from CB Radio business, and by the end of ten years, it had branches in all the mainland regions in the country. Dick Smith Holdings Limited was owned by Dick Smith and his wife until they basically sold the majority of shares to Woolworth Limited in 1982 (Clements, 2015). The company expanded its diverse range of products especially in between 1970 and 1980 and basically stocked products such as TV receiving stations and Heathkit electronic kits because of the waning interest rates. The business had expanded to about 20 stores and the initiator together with his wife sold 60% of the business shares to Woolworth Limited and the remaining 40% ownership was completed in 1982. Dick Smith Holdings Limited continued to increase to its setup of small main street stores in the regional and suburbs towns across Australia. The company later established Dick Smith Electronic Powerhouse which was a superstore across the east coast of Australia that carried an extensive range of products in the audiovisual, computing and armature radio areas to enhance its productions. In the FY2008, following Woolworth Limited review of its consumer electronics division, Dick Smith Electronic Powerhouse revamped its flagship store as a notion to Dick Smith Technology branding (Lau, 2016). In 2009, Woolworth Company Limited confirmed the end of the Dick Smith Electronic Powerhouse as progressively phased out over the subsequent three years as part of its division. Dick Smith Electronic Powerhouse ended its operation s in 2016 with several years of Anchorage Capital Partners acquisition. Critical evaluation of the valuation of the company when it was acquired by Anchorage Capital Partners and its Initial Public Offer (IPO) Dick Smith Holdings Limited had been owned by Woolworth Limited since the early 1980s, until early in 2012 when Woolworth Limited announced that the business was underperforming and non-core and instigated a sale process (Schauten, Dijk, and Waal, 2016). After a period of distinctiveness, in November 2012 Anchorage Capital Partner acquired the company for AU$20 Million. Anchorage Capital Partners announced in FY2012 that it had entered into an agreement with Woolworth Company Limited to acquire 100% of Dick Smith Electronics with the entire transaction anticipated to be completed in November 2012. Dick Smith Electronics was an iconic Australian consumer electronics company that became part of Woolworth Company Limited in 1980 (Essayyad, 2012). The deal had been conventionally structured so that Dick Smith Holdings Limited will emerge from the sale supported by a strong statement of financial position with considerable asset backing and no core liabilities. As part of the acquisition, Anchorage Capital Partners would also support the operations by offering additional guarantees and cash investment. As at FY2012, Dick Smith Holdings Limited reported sales worth AU$1.6 Billion. Anchorage Capital Partners paid as much as AU$115 Million for Dick Smith Holdings Limited because it was agreed that an approximately AU$20 Million would be paid up front. As at FY2012, Dick Smith Holdings Limited was basically valued at AU$420 Million (Dias, and Saizarbitoria, 2016). The company was heavily criticized because it was cheaply sold because the company could not make sufficient profits needed by the company. Woolworth Company Limited having struggled to find a fit for the electronics retailer from its acquisition in 1980, the company was keen to offloading the non-core business division for approximately AU$115 Million. Since Anchorage Capital Partners is a privately owned institution, the price details of the newly acquired asset, the company shares are not routinely made pub lic. When Dick Smith Holdings Limited was basically acquired by Anchorage Capital Partners, the company had less value and was basically valued at AU$20, and its Initial Public Offer (IPO) was at AU$2.20 per share. Following the company acquisition, Anchorage Capital Partners restructured its business, and the retailer was mainly listed on the shares market for AU$2.20 for each share raising about AU$345 Million which was more than five times its initial purchase price (Brigham, and Houston, 2012). Anchorage Capital Partners is alleged to have marked down a substantial value of Dick Smith inventories to sell it at a discount so as to report an attractive incomes data. These particular adjustments did not touch the new Dick Smith Company loss and profit reports, and at the lash of the pen, the company had made or avoided about AU$120 Million in future pre-tax profit. The company financial statements as at 2012 indicated that Dick Smith Holdings Limited had stock that cost AU$371 Mill ion but had been written-down to AU$312 Million (Essayyad, 2014). Consecutively, as at June 2013, the company inventory had decreased to AU$171 Million which basically pointed out an apparent sale of the enterprise. In this case, the reduction in the company inventory produced a massive AU$140 Million profits to the company operating cash flows as a result of selling most of the inventory, but there was no restocking. Due to this particular markdown of most of Dick Smith Holdings Limited inventory and other non-current assets, the company valuation had been decreased tremendously that enabled Anchorage Capital Partners to acquire the new corporation quickly (Oakshott, 2012). An assessment of the ethical dilemmas that faces Anchorage Capital Partners in respect of the floating of the business Floating of the business shares in the market is usually the duty of management. Floating of shares often enables the company to raise more capital to fund its diverse activities such as expansion. The management of Anchorage Capital Partners basically faces diverse ethical dilemmas when floating of shares because of the negative critics that they face as a result of Dick Smith Holdings Limited acquisition in 2012. The company management is criticized of decreasing the company value so as to enrich themselves which is considered to be unethical among the company operations (Iyakaremye, 2015). Anchorage Capital Partners are faced with the aspect of trust and confidence from shareholders in respect to floating of its shares because they feel less secured from diverse operations of the company. The company management floated the electronics chains that bear the name of Dick Smith which was considered to lack decency and morality and that the managers were faced with a lawsuit with the a im to refund for the clients that were left holding worthless gift cards. Dick Smith Holdings Limited was initially sold off to Anchorage Capital Partners for about AU$115 Million, and the privately owned firm basically floated the business just after fifteen months later for more than five times its initial costs. This aspect was considered to be unethical because the amount paid for the company was too low. There can be absolutely no doubt that the Anchorage Capital Partners Limited managers knew that the things were not doing the right thing to its customers. Investors lost their life savings invested in the company while the company directors walked away with several million (Gendron, and Smith, 2015). The Anchorage Capital Partners misled the directors of Dick Smith Holdings Limited that led to their acquisition at a little value whereas the company management made diverse profits that floated an enormous amount of shares that was considered to be five times the initial value o f Dick Smith Holdings Limited. An assessment of the ethical dilemmas that faces the senior executives and directors of Dick Smith Holdings Limited with respect to its financial reports made in the 2014/2015 accounts and reports According to the financial reports and accounts for FY2014/15, the management board of Dick Smith Holdings Limited duped the firm shareholder and investors using the name of Dick Smith to hide their dishonesty (Wood, 2011). They fooled the company investors and shareholders that the company was making profits and that the company financial students and reports demonstrated a clear picture of the company financial position and in actual aspects, the company financial statements were deceiving. This action was basically unethical and unprofessional because they also fooled financial professionals and banks to push for the company sale (Essayyad, 2012). Another ethical problem that faces the directors and executive management is that according to the FY2014/15 accounts and reports, there was no indication that Dick Smith Holdings Limited will exit the business. According to the reports, the managers rewarded themselves with huge bonuses and salaries that resulted to the company liquatio n. The company went into receivership five months after the release of the financial statements of 2014/2015 which indicated that the company would continue its operations for a foreseeable future but in real aspect, the company had diverse problems. Due to huge salaries by the directors that resulted in little profits, the company shares were suspended from trading via the ASX. Senior executives and directors of Dick Smith Holdings Limited were blamed for low sales that led to low profits and hence the closure of the business. Anchorage Capital Partners had altered the true and fair value and projections of the company when it registered the company of the Australia Stock Exchange in the FY2013 (Kenney, Cava, and Rodgers, 2016). Basically, it a company cannot be valued at AU$90 Million in FY2012 by Woolworth Limited, AU$500 Million in 2013 and then the company goes into receivership two years later. In this case, the company management deceived the company shareholders and investor s. The senior executives and directors of Dick Smith Holdings Limited knew of inventory problems that led to most of the company stocks written off. The management team basically deceived the shareholders, and they were treated poorly, and they had a right to correct information to make informed decisions on the Australian share market. The senior executives and directors of Dick Smith Holdings Limited did not offer viable information to its investors and shareholders that led to the company closure (Essayyad, 2008). This is because it is believed that the managers had concrete knowledge of what was happening with the company and failed to advise on the shareholders on the possible approaches to save the company from downfall. Conclusion Proper and ethical management of diverse companies globally is usually the core aspect that enhances the company operations. A company that has better management team usually generate sufficient profits for its investors and shareholders because they ensure that there is continuous production. Dick Smith Holdings Limited sold consumer electronics goods, electronic project kits and hobbyist electronic components for its customers in Australia, New Zealand and other parts of the world. The company was officially closed in 2016 because the company management did not disclose all the problems that hindered the operations of the enterprise. The company management fooled the company investors and shareholders that the company was making profits and that the corporation financial students and reports demonstrated a clear picture of the company financial position and in real aspects, the company financial statements were deceiving. Bibliography Anderson, D.R., Sweeney, D.J., Williams, T.A., Camm, J.D. and Cochran, J.J., 2012.Quantitative methods for business. Cengage Learning. Brigham, E.F. and Houston, J.F., 2012.Fundamentals of financial management. Cengage Learning. Clements, J., 2015. Stamp duty consequences of infrastructure and development agreements.Taxation in Australia,49(11), p.688. Dias, A.A.D.S.P. and Saizarbitoria, I.H., 2016. ISO 9001 Performance: A Holistic and Mixed-Method Analysis.Revista de Management Comparat International,17(2), p.136. Dick Smith Holdings Limited annual reports, 2015. Retrieved from https://www.asx.com.au/asxpdf/20150818/pdf/430kvhrl8cpg0l.pdf Essayyad, M., 2012. The Case of Anchorage.International Banking and Financial Centers, p.11. Ezidinma, V., 2014.Why corporations fail: An exploration theory on the recurring themes in corporate failure(Doctoral dissertation, Dublin Business School). Essayyad, M., 2012. 2. The Feasibility of Establishing.International Banking and Financial Centers, p.11. Essayyad, M., 2008. The Feasibility of Establishing an International Financial Centre: The Case of Anchorage.International Banking and Financial Centers, p.11. Iyakaremye, A., 2015. Analysis Of Financial Performance And Financial Risk In Agricultural Companies Listed On The Nairobi Security Exchange. Gendron, Y. and Smith-Lacroix, J.H., 2015. The global financial crisis: Essay on the possibility of substantive change in the discipline of finance.Critical Perspectives on Accounting,30, pp.83-101. Kenney, R., La Cava, G. and Rodgers, D., 2016.Why Do Companies Fail?(No. rdp2016-09). Reserve Bank of Australia. Lau, A., 2016. ASA stands up for shareholders.Equity,30(4), p.10. Oakshott, L., 2012.Essential quantitative methods: For business, management and finance. Palgrave Macmillan. Puncheva-Michelotti, P. and Michelotti, M., 2014. The new face of corporate patriotism: does being local matter to stakeholders?.Journal of Business Strategy,35(4), pp.3-10. Schauten, M.B., Van Dijk, D. and van der Waal, J.P., 2013. Corporate governance and the value of excess cash holdings of large European firms.European Financial Management,19(5), pp.991-1016. Wood, D., 2011. MA transactions: What are the issues; what are the opportunities?.Tax Specialist,14(5), p.238.