Technology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 6

Technology - Essay Example Technology has assisted them long and hard to further their belief in this phenomenon. The proponents of technology have supported it because they find no reason in disapproving the advantages that come along with it in different fields of life. Technology has allowed people to relax more today than ever before.This is the reason why the advocates of technology are always in favor of it. Technology has resolved nearly all the issues plaguing the human society and has been the savior on more than a single occasion to be remarked as the messiah of the modern day society. People have felt more inclined to cope up with the different technological facets today than ever before as their trust and confidence has increased manifolds. This trust and confidence has increased because they have seen the advantages and benefits that technology has offered them over the years. They have found out that technology assists them whenever they seem to be in a problem. Plus it is proactively driven to bring rewards for them which is also something that positively motivates them about technology. The ones who receive these benefits in turn tell others about how good the technological manifestations have been. This is the reason why technology is taken on by people in a sudden manner and then there seems to be no looking back on this tangent at all. If seen correctly, this is one of the major pluses behind the concept of technology adoption (Swart, 2012). Technology has overtaken the human emblem by a fair count. It has made people realize where they can find a substit ute for their own selves. At times, technology has even taken the sheen off the human intellect. This is an alarming aspect because human beings are superior than any other entity in this world yet technology has come out strong to make them redundant on certain occasions (Jensen, 2005). The role of human beings cannot be denied under any case whatsoever. It must be

Critical Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Critical Review - Essay Example Data was collected via interviews and questionnaires. The research concluded that the speaking assessments were designed to minimize the psychological stress upon the students, save their as well as the teachers’ time, and obviate the need for teacher to interview the students. The teachers involved in the research were found least concerned with their assessments’ reliability and validity. This essentially minimized the teachers’ confidence in their own assessments. The classroom specific barriers included large size of the classes, excessive work, and lack of sufficient training of the teachers. Korean secondary school teachers require assistance of administration in order to realize new and improved ways of speaking assessment. Critical analysis: This article has the potential to influence the Korean academia in a number of ways. Realization of a problem is the first and the foremost step for its resolution. This article particularly addresses this. English sp eaking ability of the Korean students depends fundamentally upon the skills and competence of the teacher as well as the methods employed by them to assess the speech of students. This research has covered the basic steps in the way of bringing improvement in the speaking assessment ability of the teachers. Apparently, no negative aspect of the article can be depicted since the research article makes a significant contribution to the existing body of knowledge regarding the factors evaluated by the teachers in their assessments of students’ speaking ability. The fundamental goal of assessment is to improve the pedagogical approach adopted by the teacher and assist the students in controlling their learning. This can not be achieved without authentic assessment which is linked with the program’s instructional objectives. Development and administration of a speaking assessment can be very challenging specially when the teacher’s powers are limited by a lot of cons traints. One thing of particular interest discovered as a result of this research was that most of the problems with the speaking assessment pertained to the system employed in the educational setup. A vast majority of the teachers knew that the quality of the methods employed by them to assess the students’ English speaking ability was compromising, yet there was little that they could do about it. The problem was found to originate not in the teachers’ slackness, but in various constraints most of which were beyond the control of teachers. In a conventional educational system, time is limited. Teachers have to cover a lot of course in a very limited time. In that time, the teacher does not only have to achieve his/her target with respect to curriculum, but also counsel the students individually and collectively, understand the psyche of each student so as to work out the method that best works for him/her, and take exams. Ironically, most teachers give easy assignmen ts because they find it easy to check them. It is interesting to find that assignments, that are abhorred by students are actually much more of a burden for the teachers who have to find time to check them. Another factor that is very interesting is the fact that the teachers themselves do not at all feel

Role of Institutions in Architecture and Quantity Surveying

Role of Institutions in Architecture and Quantity Surveying Introduction In the construction industry used to follow the professional body’s instruction and maintain the ethics and code of conduct to evaluate the function of the industry. So that client always expect the advice from the professionals and imitate the professionalism to gain the high quality end product, today world is globalizing very fast. Because of that it is directly effect to the construction industry. In today construction industry is facing global changes and therefore they demanding. Changing skills from various construction related professions. Professionals in construction industry are forced to maintain their responsibilities and meet the demand procedures with quality. A Professional Institution also called professional body is an assembly of people in an educated profession who are entrusted with maintaining organize or oversight of the lawful practice of the work. In this report I investigate a professional institute which serves the built environment sector. And also I briefly explain of the professional institution. Professional institutions are helping to various categories of constructional personal to upgrade their skills and overall impact of such professional institution in the construction industry. Membership of a professional institution, as a legal requirement, can in some professions from the primary formal basis for gaining entry to and setting up practices within the profession. Role of the professional Institution Eliot Freidson presents the argument that while all occupations contain some blend of skills, knowledge, qualification and competence, professions involve a â€Å"special kind of knowledge believed to require the exercise of discretionary judgment and a grounding in abstract theory and concepts† what Michael Young would refer to as powerful knowledge. (Daniels 2007) Professional institution plays a major role of construction industry. And also it maintains the standards of the professions in the construction industry. Professional institution maintains world class knowledge base because people in same profession meet each other in one place to create a network of communication to broaden the knowledge to enhance the professional relationship and respond to changing environment to meet current and future operating need. Therefore many professional institutions are involved to in the developing and monitoring of professional educational program and the upgrading of skills. Professional institution can improve service to members and upgrading services to industry. Membership of a professional institution, as a legal required, can in some professions from the primary basis entry to and setting up practices with the profession. People who are eligible for the professional development plan if they have satisfied their academic requirement of the professional institution which they are planning to membership. There are many advantages of being a member in professional institution They are Networking Opportunities Attending to conference and seminars Get the privilege to use online recourse Free education Above all the fact explains about how to improve the service member in professional institution. Professional institutions are encouraging sustainable construction. Because the world is globalizing very fast and it’s directly effect to the construction industry and also it publication the magazine, books and other publications to improve the knowledge of members. Because members are the heart of that professional institution. Also maintain and improve the quality of the built environment. Professional Institutions are helping to various categories of Constructional Personal There are many professional institutions related to the construction Royal Institute of charted surveyors Charted Institute of Builders Association of Project Managers British Institute of Facility Managers Charted Institute of Architectural Technologist Each and every professional institution is helping to several of contractual personal to upgrade their skills with membership and certification. PDP is the next stage in gaining professional qualifications and force on recording management experiences and achievement. Every member to comply with consist of RICS practice statement in the interest of the maintaining the highest professional institution. Every construction has different membership benefit for example. RIBA (Royal Institute of British Architecture) Roles and Responsibilities Maintain world- class knowledge base Re-position architecture as providers of both sound and imaginative solutions An RIBA Client Adviser who is a qualified architect is not the main architect in such projects but acts as an independent adviser. They: provide strategic advice help clients to achieve their objectives meet clients expectations on performance and design quality (RIBA) Maximize contribution of members and staff Work to improve the design quality of public buildings, homes/ communications. (Royal Institute of Brtish Architects ) SLIA (Sri Lanka Institute of Architect) It has unique benefit for each membership. They have 7 type of membership Honorary Fellow Members Fellow Members Associate Members Honorary Members Registered Members Graduate Members Student Members (Sri Lanka Institute of Architect) PMI (Project Management Institute) As a PMI member, you gain exclusive access to PMI publications and our global standards, networking options with our chapters and online communities of practice, and leadership and volunteer opportunities. You can also find discounts on certification exams and innovations, as well as our professional development offerings received. (Project Managment Institute 2014) AIQS (Australian Institute of Quantity Surveyors) Role of AIQS Ensure that practicing Quantity Surveyors are dedicated to maintaining the highest standards of professional excellence Carrying research about the collection of cost data Publishing of current construction costs Maintaining Australian Standard method of measurement (Role of AIQS) Benefit of a member Promote as a Building Economist Provide Technical articles Practices noted and policy statements Promoting Members to potential QS clients Fee free Gold credit card, home loan and life insurance for AIQS members (Role of AIQS) AGS (The Association of Geotechnical and Geo environmental Specialists) The Benefits of AGS Member Membership of Representative organization Provides a voice on the Ground Forum, the body that represents the main industry participants in Geo techniques and the Geo environment Provides the means to lobby Government and the construction clients Forum via the Ground Forum and the construction Industry council (The Benefits of AGS Member) If they get the membership benefit it is help the update their skills with membership. So there is various type of method to update their skills with membership. They are conducted the training programs. Introduce some flexible membership fee, Conduct e- learning programs, Arrange some group discussion, Get some task and dividing in group members..etc. Overall impact of such professional institution Professional Institution has impact in the construction industry many ways. Improve the quality, improve the skills of the members introducing new ways how to study rules and regulation new opportunity to take right path and build good construction site. Therefore Professionals in construction industry are forced to maintain their responsibilities and meet the demand and procedures with quality. So that professional institution helps to improve the quality of the construction site. And also in professional institution is a place where people from the same profession meets each other and then shares their ideas, skills. So professional institution is help to develop skills of the people in the construction site. Professional institution is helps to gain new skills and knowledge needed to manage staff develop business. In professional institution meet to same professional people and then way share their new technology, new experiment and introduce new ways and also in that ways they selected better things above all the gathering information and detail if they shared. So it is help to take decision to get a right part of the construction site. Memberships of a professional institution, as a legal requirement, so every member know the rules and regulation. It is help to carryon and develops rules and regulation in construction site. Above all the details professional institution is impact to build a good construction site. Conclusion The finding the research indicates that professional institute has a direct effect on the quality of construction industry. It has so many boundaries. Professional boundaries are important to enhance professionalism within the construction industry. Such as Relationship Communication Self-Discourses Exploitations Breaches of confidentially And also professional institute are helping to upgrade their skill with membership and certification. But it is overall impact in the construction industry. So in this report, reporter can highlight those things of professional instruction in the construction industry. References DANIELS, H., Lauder, H., Porter, J. (2007). Young. In: The Routledge Companion to Education. London, Routledge, Faculty of Humanities Social Sciences. Project Managment Institute. (2014). [online]. Last accessed 03 March 2014 at: http://www.pmi.org/Membership.aspx [online]. Last accessed 3 March 2014 at: http://www.architecture.com/JoinTheRIBA/BecomeACDA/Requirements.aspx#.UxnEifmSySo [online]. Last accessed 02 March 2014 at: http://www.rnconstructions.com/strength.htm Role of AIQS. In: Construction Professional Studies. ICBT, p.34. Royal Institute of Brtish Architects. In: Construction Professional Studies. ICBT, p.27. [online]. Last accessed 03 March 2014 at: http://www.slia.lk/ [online]. Last accessed 04 March 2014 at: http://www.ags.org.uk/aboutmembership/benefits.php

The Damming of the Yangtze River Essay -- Three Gorges Dam China Essay

The Damming of the Yangtze River Since the 1920's, when the dam was first proposed, the Three Gorges Dam has been a topic for debate in the People's Republic of China. The construction of the world's largest hydro-electric project on the Yangtze River would be a detriment to the native flora and fauna, submerge rich farmlands, destroy archaeological sites, and force the evacuation of millions of people. Faced with international, as well as domestic, criticism about the ecological and social havoc the Three Gorges Dam would cause, the government of China has remained unnerved and has started construction on this highly questionable project. In December of 1995, Chinese Premier Li Peng officially launched the project at a construction site at Sandouping. However, the fight is not over yet since it will take close to twenty years to finish this massive water project. The Yangtze River is the third largest river in the world, spanning a length of 6,300 kilometers. Construction of this dam would be along a 200 kilometer stretch in the upper reaches of the river known as Three Gorges. The Xiling, Wu, and Qutang Gorges, collectively called the Three Gorges, contain some off the most scenic and beautiful landscape in the world. However, with the construction of the Three Gorges Dam, most of this awe-inspiring scenery would be submerged and lost forever. Never before has a dam of such magnitude ever been attempted in the world. The Three Gorges Dam will stretch 2-kilometers (1.3 miles) across the Yangtze River, tower 185 meters into the air (610 feet), and create a 600-kilometer (385 miles) reservoir behind it (Probe International). It will also be the most costly dam ever built once, and if, it is completed. "Estimated costs of... ...erms of electricity and flood control. From the construction that has gone underway and from the diversion of some of the Yangtze River flow, it is obvious that the Chinese government, in its child-like "mine is bigger than yours" mentality, is determined to construct the largest megadam the world has ever seen. Works Cited Childs-Johnson, Elizabeth, Joan Lebold Cohen, and Lawerence R. Sullivan. (1996, November-December). Race against time. Archaeology. Leopold, Luna B. Sediment Problems at Three Gorges Dam. Website location: http://www.irn.org/programs/3g/leopold.html Probe International. Three Gorges Dam Campaign. Website location: http://www.nextcity.com/ProbeInternational/Three Gorges/ Topping, Audrey Ronning. Environmental controversy over the Three Gorges Dam. Earth Times News Service. Website location: http://www.earthtimes.org/chinanov11.htm

Pushing Paper Can Be Fun Essay

1.Organizational and Personal Outcomes – What performance problems is the captain trying to address? Behavior- Officers not doing paperwork, or when done, is incomplete. Result – Cases being lost, due to poor reporting. The officers lack motivation and perceive filling out reports as boring. 2.Goal Statement – What would be a desirable outcome? A desirable outcome would be that officers perceive their jobs to include paperwork, and that they understand the value and importance of filling reports adequately and correctly in an assigned time frame. 3.What has the Captain already tried doing to solve the problem? To help motivate the officers, team competitions were established. These were based on the excellence of the reports. The competition provided no reward. An idea suggested to the Captain is to include financial rewards as incentives, based on the number of conviction records. These are also related to motivational factors. 4.Using the MARS Model to diagnose the possible causes of the unacceptable behavior and to explain what the Captain should do to resolve the situation. The MARS Model outlines the four major factors in determining individual behavior and results. The four major factors consist of Motivation, Ability, Role Perceptions and Situation Factors. Motivational: The police officers are lacking motivation when it comes to doing paperwork. Their paper work is frequently put off or completed inadequately. They are aware that promotion is not based on how well they complete paperwork; rather it is based by simply staying on the force for a certain number of years. Ability: I would assume that officers do not receive adequate training on proper report making while attending the police academy. Also some officers may have more of an aptitude than others when it comes to writing. Role Perceptions: The officers perceive their job as peace, law and order. They think of paperwork as boring and routine. A possible issue is that they don’t understand the value attached to providing an adequate and correct report. This perception may have been established due to improper training, the rookies are being taught by other officers, who themselves have never been formally trained. The personalities of the officers as well as their personal values play a role in how they perceive their job to be. Situational Factors: The case did not mention any situational factors; however there is one possible factor. There isn’t enough funding for rewards, so little, that layoffs are being considered. This poses a problem in that, if officers are laid off then there is less of them to perform the task, thus making the issue worse, not improving it. Suggestions: First off in order for things to improve, it needs to start with the Captain. He himself claims the work to be routine and boring; this attitude passes down to his fellow officers. Something as simple as changing his perception, would help motivate the officers. Secondly, all officers including the Captain should be retrained. This will insure consistency throughout. Fewer cases will be lost, and establishing future incentive plans will be must easier. Thirdly, The Captain could decrease the hours officers spend out on the streets, and allocate more time for the officers to complete their paper work. Motivation by Punishment: If a case were to lose due to a faulty report, then the officer responsible for filling the form would have to attend a training session. To avoid the officers from falling back into the same habit, he could also punish them with a week of traffic duty. (I believe most cops prefer to be fighting crime, not issuing traffic tickets). Motivation by Incentive: As the case study mentioned, the police station is experiencing a budget crunch. An affordable method could be to provide officers with free perks, for completing their paper work adequately, correctly and on time. Such things as: first pick of the squat car, which area/street they prefer to patrol and being able to choose cases that interest them most.

John F. Kennedy’s Inaugural Address Essay

John F. Kennedy’s Inaugural Address The Inaugural Address, by John F. Kennedy is about the people cooperating to make America a better place for everyone. John F. Kennedy’s speech was delivered in the east side of the capitol on January 20, 1961. In John F. Kennedy’s inaugural address, he emphasizes the need for unity among mankind. John F. Kennedy utilizes anaphora to evoke togetherness throughout the world. Throughout his speech, Kennedy repeats, â€Å"we pledge† several times. Kennedy means to convey unity by using â€Å"we† to connect to the people. Because the phrase is repeated so many times it shows how bad he wants the idea grasped in to the peoples minds. By using the word â€Å"pledge† he is able to emphasize the promise that the people made to America. Kennedy also reiterates the phrase, â€Å" we shall† many times. Through the phrase â€Å"we shall† he is able to highlight that everyone is going to help. It makes the people see that they have a part in constructing America, for Kennedy cannot do it on his own. He wants to build a unity where everyone is on the same team; together they will help each other out and strive for the unity of America. Kennedy wants to be on the same side as the people; he constantly say’s â€Å"let both sides† so that he can come into an agreement with them. If Kennedy makes a connection with the people they will do as he says. He wants â€Å"both sides† to collaborate with each other to create a strong nation. If he were able to create a unified nation, the people would live in a civilized manner, all-willing to help. Through anaphora, Kennedy is able to present the theme that together you can conquer all.

BRITISH WOMENS BATTLE WITH, AND FOR THEIR GOVERNMENT IN THE essays

BRITISH WOMENS BATTLE WITH, AND FOR THEIR GOVERNMENT IN THE essays BRITISH WOMENS BATTLE WITH, AND FOR THEIR GOVERNMENT IN THEIR STRUGGLE TO ACHIEVE EQUALITY During the dynamic years of the early 1900s when the First World War was complicating womens relationships to the state, many feminists and suffragists were supporting the war in light of patriotism and the opportunity they capitalized on to demonstrate their civic responsibilities and gain their right to vote. Womens selfless service to country over identity during a time of great need in their country played a major part in Britains ability to sustain a German attack and was not to be overlooked. During this time, women proved to play an important role in the forward progress of the British nation. Women supported the war effort out of patriotism and the fact that a strong contribution from them would go a long way in bringing about social reformation. By playing such key roles in the success of Great Britains military, womens relationship to the state became one that consisted of a considerable amount of clout. The rights of British women, which had been an ongoing topic of debat e, were brought to the attention of the state after making such important contributions during the First World War and eventually led to the first enfranchisement of women. During the First World War, duty to country overcame the self-righteous fulfillment in duty to self within the women of Great Britain, causing the relationships between women and the state to become ever more complicated. The women, who had been deep-rooted in fighting an ongoing battle for enfranchisement, reassessed their priorities, and after the announcement of war in August of 1914, decided against their prior stance on war which was that of pacifism, and proclaimed a suspension of suffrage activity to focus their energy towards the war effort and free the government of the worries and hassles they caused them. ...In exchange, the government...

Examples of How to Write a Good Descriptive Paragraph

Examples of How to Write a Good Descriptive Paragraph A good descriptive paragraph is like a window into another world. Through the use of careful examples or details, an author can conjure a scene that vividly describes a person, place, or thing. The best descriptive writing appeals to multiple senses at once―smell, sight, taste, touch, and hearing―and is found in both fiction and nonfiction. In their own way, each of the following writers (three of them students, two of them professional authors) have selected a belonging or a place that holds special meaning to them. After identifying that subject in a clear topic sentence, they proceed to describe it in detail while explaining its personal significance. A Friendly Clown On one corner of my dresser sits a smiling toy clown on a tiny unicycle―a gift I received last Christmas from a close friend. The clowns short yellow hair, made of yarn, covers its ears but is parted above the eyes. The blue eyes are outlined in black with thin, dark lashes flowing from the brows. It has cherry-red cheeks, nose, and lips, and its broad grin disappears into the wide, white ruffle around its neck. The clown wears a fluffy, two-tone nylon costume. The left side of the outfit is light blue, and the right side is red. The two colors merge in a dark line that runs down the center of the small outfit. Surrounding its ankles and disguising its long black shoes are big pink bows. The white spokes on the wheels of the unicycle gather in the center and expand to the black tire so that the wheel somewhat resembles the inner half of a grapefruit. The clown and unicycle together stand about a foot high. As a cherished gift from my good friend Tran, this colorful figure gree ts me with a smile every time I enter my room. Observe how the writer moves clearly from a description of the head of the clown to the body to the unicycle underneath. There arent just sensory details for the eyes but also touch, in the description that the hair is made of yarn and the suit of nylon. Certain colors are specific, as in cherry-red cheeks and light blue, and descriptions help to visualize the object: the parted hair, the color line on the suit, and the grapefruit analogy. Dimensions overall help to provide the reader with the items scale, and the descriptions of the size of the ruffle and bows on the shoes in comparison to whats nearby provide telling detail. The concluding sentence helps to tie the paragraph together by emphasizing the personal value of this gift. The Blond Guitar by Jeremy Burden My most valuable possession is an old, slightly warped blond guitar―the first instrument I taught myself how to play. Its nothing fancy, just a Madeira folk guitar, all scuffed and scratched and fingerprinted. At the top is a bramble of copper-wound strings, each one hooked through the eye of a silver tuning key. The strings are stretched down a long, slim neck, its frets tarnished, the wood worn by years of fingers pressing chords and picking notes. The body of the Madeira is shaped like an enormous yellow pear, one that was slightly damaged in shipping. The blond wood has been chipped and gouged to gray, particularly where the pick guard fell off years ago. No, its not a beautiful instrument, but it still lets me make music, and for that I will always treasure it. Here, the writer uses a topic sentence to open his paragraph, then uses the following sentences to add specific details. The author creates an image for the minds eye to travel across by describing the parts of the guitar in a logical fashion, from the strings on the head to the worn wood on the body. He emphasizes its condition by the number of different descriptions of the wear on the guitar, such as noting its slight warp; distinguishing between scuffs and scratches; describing the effect that fingers have had on the instrument by wearing down its neck, tarnishing frets, and leaving prints on the body; listing both its chips and gouges and even noting their effects on the color of the instrument. The author even describes the remnants of missing pieces. After all that, he plainly states his affection for it. Gregory by Barbara Carter Gregory is my beautiful gray Persian cat. He walks with pride and grace, performing a dance of disdain as he slowly lifts and lowers each paw with the delicacy of a ballet dancer. His pride, however, does not extend to his appearance, for he spends most of his time indoors watching television and growing fat. He enjoys TV commercials, especially those for Meow Mix and 9 Lives. His familiarity with cat food commercials has led him to reject generic brands of cat food in favor of only the most expensive brands. Gregory is as finicky about visitors as he is about what he eats, befriending some and repelling others. He may snuggle up against your ankle, begging to be petted, or he may imitate a skunk and stain your favorite trousers. Gregory does not do this to establish his territory, as many cat experts think, but to humiliate me because he is jealous of my friends. After my guests have fled, I look at the old fleabag snoozing and smiling to himself in front of the television set, and I have to forgive him for his obnoxious, but endearing, habits. The writer here focuses less on the physical appearance of her pet than on the cats habits and actions. Notice how many different descriptors go into just the sentence about how the cat walks: emotions of pride and disdain and the extended metaphor of the dancer, including the phrases the dance of disdain, grace, and ballet dancer. When you want to portray something through the use of a metaphor, make sure you are consistent, that all the descriptors make sense with that one metaphor. Dont use two different metaphors to describe the same thing, because that makes the image youre trying to portray awkward and convoluted. The consistency adds emphasis and depth to the description. Personification is an effective literary device for giving lifelike detail to an inanimate object or an animal, and Carter uses it to great effect. Look at how much time she spends on the discussions of what the cat takes pride in (or doesnt) and how it comes across in his attitude, with being finicky and jealous, acting to humiliate by spraying, and just overall behaving obnoxiously. Still, she conveys her clear affection for the cat, something to which many readers can relate. The Magic Metal Tube by Maxine Hong Kingston Once in a long while, four times so far for me, my mother brings out the metal tube that holds her medical diploma. On the tube are gold circles crossed with seven red lines each―joy ideographs in abstract. There are also little flowers that look like gears for a gold machine. According to the scraps of labels with Chinese and American addresses, stamps, and postmarks, the family airmailed the can from Hong Kong in 1950. It got crushed in the middle, and whoever tried to peel the labels off stopped because the red and gold paint came off too, leaving silver scratches that rust. Somebody tried to pry the end off before discovering that the tube falls apart. When I open it, the smell of China flies out, a thousand-year-old bat flying heavy-headed out of the Chinese caverns where bats are as white as dust, a smell that comes from long ago, far back in the brain. This paragraph opens the third chapter of Maxine Hong Kingstons The Woman Warrior: Memoirs of a Girlhood Among Ghosts, a lyrical account of a Chinese-American girl growing up in California. Notice how Kingston integrates informative and descriptive details in this account of the metal tube that holds her mothers diploma from medical school. She uses color, shape, texture (rust, missing paint, pry marks, and scratches), and smell, where she has a particularly strong metaphor that surprises the reader with its distinctness. The last sentence in the paragraph (not reproduced here) is more about the smell; closing the paragraph with this aspect adds emphasis to it. The order of the description is also logical, as the first response to the closed object is how it looks rather than how it smells when opened. Inside District School #7, Niagara County, New York by Joyce Carol Oates Inside, the school smelled smartly of varnish and wood smoke from the potbellied stove. On gloomy days, not unknown in upstate New York in this region south of Lake Ontario and east of Lake Erie, the windows emitted a vague, gauzy light, not much reinforced by ceiling lights. We squinted at the blackboard, that seemed far away since it was on a small platform, where Mrs. Dietzs desk was also positioned, at the front, left of the room. We sat in rows of seats, smallest at the front, largest at the rear, attached at their bases by metal runners, like a toboggan; the wood of these desks seemed beautiful to me, smooth and of the red-burnished hue of horse chestnuts. The floor was bare wooden planks. An American flag hung limply at the far left of the blackboard and above the blackboard, running across the front of the room, designed to draw our eyes to it avidly, worshipfully, were paper squares showing that beautifully shaped script known as Parker Penmanship. In this paragraph (originally published in Washington Post Book World and reprinted in ​Faith of a Writer: Life, Craft, Art,) Joyce Carol Oates affectionately describes the one-room schoolhouse she attended from first through fifth grades. Notice how she appeals to our sense of smell before moving on to describe the layout and contents of the room. When you walk into a place, its overall smell hits you immediately, if its pungent, even before youve taken in the whole area with your eyes. Thus this choice of chronology for this descriptive paragraph is also a logical order of narration, even though it differs from the Hong Kingston paragraph. It allows the reader to imagine the room just as if he or she was walking into it. The positioning of items in relation to other items is on full display in this paragraph, to give people a clear vision of the layout of the place as a whole. For the objects inside, she uses many descriptors of what materials they are made from. Note the imagery portrayed by the use of the phrases gauzy light, toboggan, and horse chestnuts. You can imagine the emphasis placed on penmanship study by the description of their quantity, the deliberate location of the paper squares, and the desired effect upon the students brought about by this location. Source Oates, Joyce Carol. The Faith of a Writer: Life, Craft, Art. Kindle Edition, Reprint edition, HarperCollins e-books, March 17, 2009.

Understanding The Great Gatsby Ending and Last Line

Understanding The Great Gatsby Ending and Last Line SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips As crucial as a detailed setting or the right mix of characters is to the success of a story, nothing quite packs a memorable gut punch like the perfect ending. Think about it: the way a story ends tends to shape our understanding of what we have just read. If it ended in love and marriage, then it must have been a love story. If it ended in death, then it was a tragedy. So what do we make of the The Great Gatsby ending? Why is there so much death? Why doesn't anyone get their just comeuppance? In this article, I'll talk about the significance of endings in general, and explore the meaning behind The Great Gatsby's last line, last paragraphs, and the conclusion of the plot. Quick Note on Our Citations Our citation format in this guide is (chapter.paragraph). We're using this system since there are many editions of Gatsby, so using page numbers would only work for students with our copy of the book. To find a quotation we cite via chapter and paragraph in your book, you can either eyeball it (Paragraph 1-50: beginning of chapter; 50-100: middle of chapter; 100-on: end of chapter), or use the search function if you're using an online or eReader version of the text. Why Is the Ending of a Book Important? An ending tends to reveal the meaning (or lack of meaning) in everything that came before it. It's a chance for the author to wrap up the preceding events with either an explanation that puts them into a broader context- or a chance for the author to specifically not do that. In general, endings come in many flavors. Straightforward Explanations. These endings tell us how to feel about the book. For example, think of Aesop's fables, each of which ends in an explicit moral lesson, or think of Victorian novels (like those of Charles Dickens) that end with the narrator giving rewards to the good characters and punishments to the bad ones. These endings close up the world of the novel, wrapping it in a neat bow. Outward Connections. Endings can also be ways for the reader to open up the world of the novel into the real world. This type of ending can ask the reader a question as the final sentence (like Hemingway's The Sun Also Rises). Even more dramatically, this can mean ending the novel mid-action, or even sometimes mid-sentence (like Kafka's The Castle). Philosophical Abstractions. Finally, endings can zoom out of the world of the novel altogether and become places for a deeper analysis of the nature of life or of being human. This type of ending is often reflective and could easily be divorced from everything that has come before to form its own pithy wisdom. The ending of The Great Gatsby falls into this last category. It's like that extreme zoom out shot at the end of a movie, which eventually zooms out enough to show us a tiny Earth in outer space. Understanding the Ending of The Great Gatsby So why does the novel end the way it does? The novel's abrupt and downbeat ending mostly poses more questions than it gives answers. Why do Gatsby, Myrtle, and George Wilson die? Why does Daisy go back to Tom? Why does no one come to Gatsby's funeral? It all feels kind of empty and pointless, especially after all the effort that Gatsby put into crafting his life, right? Well, that empty feeling is basically the whole point. F. Scott Fitzgerald was not particularly optimistic about the capitalist boom of the 1920s. To him, America was just like Europe in its disdain for new money, and the elites were scornful of the self-made men who were supposed to be the people living the ideals of the country. He saw that instead of actually being committed to equality, the country was still split into classes- just less acknowledged ones. So, in the world of the novel, Gatsby, for all his wealth and greatness, can buy himself a place in West Egg, but can never join the old money world of East Egg. His forward progress is for naught because he is in an environment that only pays lip service to the American Dream ideal of achieving success through hard work. The novel is a harsh indictment of the idea of the American Dream. Think about it: the actually "successful" people- successful in that at least they survive- (the Buchanans, Nick, and Jordan) are all old money; while those who fail (Gatsby, Myrtle, and George) are the strivers. All in all, the novel is a vision of a deeply unbalanced and unfair world. Interpreting the Last Paragraphs of The Great Gatsby The novel ends with a sad Nick contemplating the historic geography of Long Island: Most of the big shore places were closed now and there were hardly any lights except the shadowy, moving glow of a ferryboat across the Sound. And as the moon rose higher the inessential houses began to melt away until gradually I became aware of the old island here that flowered once for Dutch sailors' eyes- a fresh, green breast of the new world. Its vanished trees, the trees that had made way for Gatsby's house, had once pandered in whispers to the last and greatest of all human dreams; for a transitory enchanted moment man must have held his breath in the presence of this continent, compelled into an aesthetic contemplation he neither understood nor desired, face to face for the last time in history with something commensurate to his capacity for wonder. And as I sat there brooding on the old, unknown world, I thought of Gatsby's wonder when he first picked out the green light at the end of Daisy's dock. He had come a long way to this blue lawn and his dream must have seemed so close that he could hardly fail to grasp it. He did not know that it was already behind him, somewhere back in that vast obscurity beyond the city, where the dark fields of the republic rolled on under the night. Gatsby believed in the green light, the orgastic future that year by year recedes before us. It eluded us then, but that's no matter- tomorrow we will run faster, stretch out our arms farther. . . . And one fine morning- - So we beat on, boats against the current, borne back ceaselessly into the past. (9.151-154) It's clear that the novel is trying to universalize Gatsby's experience in some way. But there are multiple layers of meaning creating this broadening of perspective. We Are All Jay Gatsby By ending the way it does, the novel makes Gatsby explicitly represent all humans in the present and the past. Compare this ending with the last paragraph of Chapter 1: But I didn't call to him for he gave a sudden intimation that he was content to be alone- he stretched out his arms toward the dark water in a curious way, and far as I was from him I could have sworn he was trembling. Involuntarily I glanced seaward- and distinguished nothing except a single green light, minute and far away, that might have been the end of a dock. When I looked once more for Gatsby he had vanished, and I was alone again in the unquiet darkness. (1.152) The language of the novel's ending paragraphs and the last paragraph of the first chapter links Gatsby's outstretched arms with the hopes of the Dutch sailors (the people of the past). Just as Gatsby is obsessed with the green light on Daisy's dock, so the sailors coming to this continent for the first time longed for the "green breast of the new world." For both, these green things are "the last and greatest of all human dreams": for Gatsby, it's his memory of perfect love, while for the sailors, it's the siren song of conquest. These two passages also connect Gatsby with the way we live today. Just as Gatsby "stretched out his arms toward the dark water in a curious way," so we also promise ourselves "tomorrow we will run faster, stretch out our arms farther." For all of us, life is all about constantly having to will ourselves into eternal optimism in the face of elusive dreams or challenging goals. Jay Gatsby's Life is All of America The novel's last paragraphs also touch on most of the novel's overarching themes, symbols, and motifs: the transformation of America from the idyllic, pristine frontier to the polluted metropolis the quest to win over a lost love, or the imperfection of real love versus an ideal love the way the past always influences, hangs over, and directs the present reinvention and perseverance, the rags to riches story versus the story of impersonation and deception the appeal and ultimate disappointment of the American Dream, and specifically the sense that it is fading away- just as New York has been completely transformed from "green breast of land" to corrupt city, all of America is escaping the pure dreams of its people New York City before the Europeans showed up to trash the place. The Last Line of The Great Gatsby The last sentence of this novel is consistently ranked in the lists of best last lines that magazines like to put together. So we beat on, boats against the current, borne back ceaselessly into the past. So what makes this sentence so great? Close-Reading the Last Sentence of The Great Gatsby On a formal level, the line is very close to poetry, using the same techniques that poems do to sound good: It is written almost in iambics. (Iambic is a meter that alternates stressed and unstressed syllables to create a ta-DA-ta-DA-ta-DA-ta-DA pattern- it's most famous for being the meter Shakespeare used). There's a wave-like alliteration with the letter b, as we read the monosyllabic words "beat," "boats," "borne," and "back." (Alliteration is when words that start with the same sound are put next to each other.) Then this repeated b resolves into the matching unvoiced p of the word "past." (The sounds b and p are really the same sound, except when you say b you use your voice and when you say p you use the same mouth position but without using your vocal chords.) Other literary devices are at play as well: There a double meaning in the word "borne" which can mean either "shouldered like a heavy burden" or "given birth to." The sentence uses the metaphor of trying to row against the flow of current. We are like boats that propel themselves forward, while the current pushes us back toward our starting place. For boats, this happens in space, on a body of water, while for people, this happens in time, in the relationship between the past and the future. Interpreting the Meaning of the Last Sentence of The Great Gatsby There are three ways to interpret how Fitzgerald wants us to take this idea that we are constantly stuck in a loop of pushing forward toward our future and being pulled back by our anchoring past. #1: Depressing and Fatalistic If we go with the "heavy burden" meaning of the word "borne," then this last line means that our past is an anchor and a weight on us no matter how hard we try to go forward in life. In this case, life only an illusion of forward progress. This is because as we move into the future, everything we do instantly turns into our past, and this past cannot be undone or done over, as Gatsby attempted. This version of the ending says that people want to recapture an idealized past, or a perfect moment or memory, but when this desire for the past turns into an obsession, it leads to ruin, just as it lead to Gatsby's. In other words, all of our dreams of the future are based on the fantasies of a past, and already outdated, self. #2: Uplifting and Hopeful If, on the other hand, we stick with the "given birth to" aspect of "borne" and also on the active momentum of the phrase "so we beat on," then the idea of beating on is an optimistic and unyielding response to a current that tries to force us backward. In this interpretation, we resiliently battle against fate with our will and our strength- and even though we are constantly pulled back into our past, we move forward as much as we can. #3: Objectively Describing the Human Condition In the final version of the last line's meaning, we take out the reader's desire for a "moral" or some kind of explanatory takeaway (whether a happy or sad one). Without this qualitative judgment, this means that the metaphor of boats in the current is just a description of what life is like. In this way, the last line is simply saying that through our continuing efforts to move forward through new obstacles, we will be constantly reminded and confronted with our past because we can't help but repeat our own history, both individually and collectively. Which of these readings most appeals to you? Why? So, wait, "boats giving birth" is what we're going with here? The Bottom Line An ending tends to reveal the meaning (or lack of meaning) in everything that came before it: an explanation on how to feel about what has just been read. a way to open up the world of the novel into the real world. philosophical analysis of the nature of life or of being human- this is The Great Gatsby ending. The Great Gatsby ends in a way that feels kind of empty and pointless, especially after all the effort that Gatsby put into trying to recreate his and Daisy's love That empty feeling underscores Fitzgerald's pessimism about America as a place that only pays lip service to the idea of the American Dream of working hard and achieving success The novel's last paragraphs connect Gatsby to all of us now and for the humans of the past and touch on many of the novel's themes we are like boats that propel themselves forward, while the current pushes back The last line of The Great Gatsby is a metaphor of trying to row against the flow of current. We can take this metaphor to be: depressing and fatalistic, that the past is an anchor and that life only an illusion of forward progress uplifting, that we battle against fate with our will and our strength objectively describing the human condition, that we can't help but repeat our own history What's Next? Consider the significance of the green light at the end of Daisy's dock. Compare the meaning of the ending to our analysis of the beginning to see whether the novel's payoff reflects its starting assumptions. Analyze the character of Jay Gatsby to see how this flawed protagonist comes to represent humanity's striving for the unreachable. Investigate the themes of the American Dream and society and class to see how they are addressed in the rest of the novel. Explore the rest of Chapter 9 to see how the novel leads up to its conclusion. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points? We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Listening log Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Listening log - Essay Example With Stairway to Heaven, the lyrics are highly symbolic, so much so that it is possible that a great deal of the listeners really had no idea what all was being expressed. However, the music was so beautifully emotive that the lyrics came across on some level, making this song iconic in music history. Title: Hotel California Album: Hotel California Artist: The Eagles Year of Release: 1976 Rock Style: Hard Rock Musical Characteristics: This piece of music is also a hard rock ballad, but it is less sentimental and more dangerously exciting. There was a fascination with Satanism and the occult in the 1970s that came through in the lyrics. The lyrics tell a more straight forward story in which death and the afterlife is explored. The music is intoxicating, the beat seeming to be in 2/4 time, rather than the more common 4/4.The lyrics are the center of this ballad, as the story is highlighted by the use of the lead guitar. Comparison The two ballads are similar in that they slow down the overall play list of each individual artist in order to become more sentimentally expressive. The vocalists are at the center of the songs, even though the music is designed to echo the emotional renditions of the work. Both songs have similar themes of life and death. However, they are different in that they explore different kinds of sentiment.

Islam Advocates for Equal Rights of Sexes Research Paper

Islam Advocates for Equal Rights of Sexes - Research Paper Example According to the research paper "Islam Advocates for Equal Rights of Sexes" findings, gender imbalance and thus subordination of women cuts across every area of life and across all communities on the planet. If we look at the West, for instance, it is expected that women be given equal positions to men. The truth is, while they are now enjoying equal rights to men, this has not been the case for a long time. Their liberation, in other words, just started a few years ago. Some time back, the United Stated of America had a potential female presidential candidate. While there were chances that she could lead and had the potential to lead the country to greater heights, myriad excuses were presented just to bar her from running the race. While the US, apparently, is the developed country that is said to be the most liberal when it comes to civil rights and freedom of the sexes, it is ironical that over 50% of the country’s population are not ready to have a woman presidents, in sp ite of having over 44 presidents, all men (Streb 80). The above discussion shows that women are in general treated as lesser beings to men, in every society if we say so. While the teaching of Islam does not condone the idea, Arabic customs do and that is what most people mistake for Islam. A situation where most gender imbalance is felt is definitely in the division of labor. According to the Holy Qur’an, there are roles that are best suited for either gender. Biologically, men are stronger than women.

Leadership 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Leadership 2 - Essay Example It is also considered that multicultural workforce tends to have diverse ideas and opinions which are considered as both harmful as well as beneficial. There are numerous organizations in UAE that faces such problems and leaders have to be quite innovative to deal with such problems. Consumers may also feel dissatisfied if employees of an organization cannot communicate efficiently with them. The leaders of organizations in UAE face a significant challenge in this regard to maximize the opportunities that are available and to minimize costs. Organizational Behaviour is concerned about those processes which deal with how individuals, groups, and people cope among themselves in organizational structures. In this regard, organizational behaviour follows an approach which can be termed as systematic. It interprets the relationship between people and organizations in terms of the whole organization, whole group, whole social system, and whole person (Lambert, 2002). It strives to achieve a better relationship between people by achieving objectives such as social, organizational, and human. Organizational behaviour comprises numerous topics such as leadership, change, teams, and human behaviour. It must be noted in this regard that the base of an organization depends on its management’s values, philosophy, goals, and vision. These factors play an important role in driving the culture of an organization which consists of informal organization, formal organization, and social environment. The culture of an organization p lays an important part in determining the type of communication, group dynamics, and leadership within an organization. A multi cultural workforce in an organization comprises people who are from different cultural backgrounds and as such they are considered to have different ways of approaching a problem. Leadership is considered as the ability to

Bizzell (1986) argues that in order to succeed in university it is Essay

Bizzell (1986) argues that in order to succeed in university it is necessary to become 'bicultural'. Critically discuss this idea drawing on relevant SSK12 mate - Essay Example argument, Bizzell presents the three main approaches taken in attempting to understand these issues and the problems inherent in focusing on just one approach at a time, proving that a bicultural approach is the only equitable and serviceable approach possible. This idea of a bicultural approach is supported throughout Bizzell’s arguments by Brigid Ballard and John Clanchy in their article â€Å"Literacy in the University: An Anthropological Approach† as well as through my own college experience. The first approach to educating basic writers â€Å"says that basic writers entering college precipitate a clash among dialects† (Bizzell, 1986, p. 294) because their home dialect differs significantly from the diction and grammar of Standardized English widely used throughout the world of higher education. Arguments against the use of standard English indicate that students with differing dialects lose a great deal of their ability to communicate, suffer a reduction in the depth of their education because of the necessity of learning and adopting the academic system and represents a lack of recognition of the validity and unique expressive nature of the home dialects. Presenting a strong argument to the contrary, advocates of the Standard English approach merely need to point out the necessity of preparing students for success in an increasingly globalized world that depends on Standard English for a good deal of its communication needs. However, even identifying the appropr iate language to use in a given academic paper can be difficult. â€Å"Gradually, the students learn that, when asked to write an essay on, say, language acquisition, the method of analysis they employ, the evidence they bring to bear, the language they use will be very different depending on whether they are enrolled in linguistics, prehistory, sociology, education or psychology† (Ballard & Clanchy, 1988, p. 172). This has led some educators to advocate a bicultural approach to education that

Union Grievance Process Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Union Grievance Process - Research Paper Example Union Grievance Process â€Å"A grievance is defined within a collective bargaining agreement (CBA). In general, a CBA may establish that a grievance arises when an employer violates a provision of the CBA, state or federal law, or "past practice"†(Johnson). More precisely, grievance is a written complaint registered by the employee about his employment right violations. This paper analyses various dimensions of union grievance process. Even though the term collective bargaining is quiet familiar to us, it was first used by the renowned economist Sidney Webb in 1891. However, the term collective bargaining gained prominence in the nineteenth century when trade unions were started to evolve in organizational world. Since grievance is accommodated within the CBA’s, the case of grievance or Union Grievance Process was also evolved along with the CBA’s. In fact, by 1944 the Bureau of Labor Statistics showed that 73% of all labor contracts in America contained arbitration clauses and by the early 1980’s that figure had grown to 95%. The purposes of grievance procedures are; â€Å"To resolve disputes arising in the workplace, To provide contract interpretations, To protect the employees' and union's negotiated contract rights, To establish precedent, To ensure uniform treatment of employees, To maintain relative peace in the workplace†(Processing Grievances, p.502). It is difficult for an employee to work positively if he feels that some of his employment rights were disallowed by the employer. Same way it is impossible for the employer to ensure better productivity from the employees if the employer fails to keep positive relationships with the employees. Grievances help both the employer and the employee to settle their issues and strengthen their cooperation for mutual benefits. In other words, grievances are not only beneficial to the employees, but also to the employer. In most of the cases, employee will try to settle the issues with his employer directly or individually. However, in some cases, it c ould be difficult for the employee to argue present his arguments successfully in front of the employer. For example, if an employer dismisses or suspends an employee without genuine reasons, it is difficult for the employee to convince the employer with his arguments. If the employee is a trade union member, he will try to solve his problems with the help of the union, in such circumstances. When a trade union, negotiates with the employer to solve the problems of an employee or group of employees, the process will be referred as union grievance process. â€Å"The grievance process enforces the collective bargaining agreement, which establishes the memberships' terms and conditions of employment† (Johnson). Grievances are taking place in all the departments of an organization even though the details of some of them could be kept confidential. Union grievance process consists of certain procedures. The case of union grievance process begins when an employee approaches his imm ediate supervisor with a problem, dispute or employment right violation complaint. â€Å"If an employee brings forward an alleged violation of the collective agreement, the

Human Resource Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Human Resource Management - Essay Example Analysis of the journey to understand the importance of the HRM is long, but worthwhile as it presents some very interesting facts about organizations. This paper covers my reflections of the functions of the HRM department in any organizational set up. The roles of the HRM department are the most vital in an organization, ranging from planning, staffing, and leading, organizing, and controlling the organization’s work force (Mathis & Jackson, 2010). The process of HRM includes testing, training, planning, compensating, and appraising employees. The employees’ safety and health, and equality are also major concerns of the department. Given the facts above, one would be quick to question the bad image painted on the department. Why do some people consider the department as a psychotherapist clinic of a company or as a mere recruiting office? I think the performance of those HRM departments under criticism did not meet the employees’ expectations and thus the lamen tation. HRM departments are supposed to carry their duties indiscriminately. Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) and Affirmative actions should be the core of the department’s moral principles. These two guiding principles are the stepping-stones to enhancing positive diversity in an organization. The identification of differences enhances development of an environment that promotes respect. The HRM department should nurtures these differences and use them for the benefits of both the organization and the individual. The government, through reports requirement, has enforced the two policies in both federal and public organizations (Mathis & Jackson, 2010). Federal organizations are required to submit their reports to the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) and the Office of Personnel Management (OPM). Nevertheless, these requirements are fragmented and irregularities with the records often emerge. It is imperative that HRM professionals observe the EEO and Affirmati ve actions policies, from their lifestyles to places of work. A diverse work force will provide creative and innovative workers to drive an organization towards achievement of its strategic goals. In the planning, recruitment and selection, enforcement of EEO and affirmative actions should remain on focus. Potential employees have the right to equal opportunities of employment without prejudice of race, color or religion (Ivancevich, 2006). The recruitment of the employees should be clear of discrimination, and the vacancies assigned to qualified applicants with occasional reference to the diversity ratio. The issue that arises during the planning is the decision to determine candidacy of employees based on qualification or equality. In some situations, the best-qualified candidates are qualified, but represent only a margin of the population. The conflict of equal employment opportunity and affirmative, and the desired employee characteristics arises here. The case scenario is evid ent, as it has occurred in one of my classes. Majority of the students who passed on the course subjects were male. Now, presenting awards to only male students would portray the idea of male chauvinism.

Union Grievance Process Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Union Grievance Process - Research Paper Example Union Grievance Process â€Å"A grievance is defined within a collective bargaining agreement (CBA). In general, a CBA may establish that a grievance arises when an employer violates a provision of the CBA, state or federal law, or "past practice"†(Johnson). More precisely, grievance is a written complaint registered by the employee about his employment right violations. This paper analyses various dimensions of union grievance process. Even though the term collective bargaining is quiet familiar to us, it was first used by the renowned economist Sidney Webb in 1891. However, the term collective bargaining gained prominence in the nineteenth century when trade unions were started to evolve in organizational world. Since grievance is accommodated within the CBA’s, the case of grievance or Union Grievance Process was also evolved along with the CBA’s. In fact, by 1944 the Bureau of Labor Statistics showed that 73% of all labor contracts in America contained arbitration clauses and by the early 1980’s that figure had grown to 95%. The purposes of grievance procedures are; â€Å"To resolve disputes arising in the workplace, To provide contract interpretations, To protect the employees' and union's negotiated contract rights, To establish precedent, To ensure uniform treatment of employees, To maintain relative peace in the workplace†(Processing Grievances, p.502). It is difficult for an employee to work positively if he feels that some of his employment rights were disallowed by the employer. Same way it is impossible for the employer to ensure better productivity from the employees if the employer fails to keep positive relationships with the employees. Grievances help both the employer and the employee to settle their issues and strengthen their cooperation for mutual benefits. In other words, grievances are not only beneficial to the employees, but also to the employer. In most of the cases, employee will try to settle the issues with his employer directly or individually. However, in some cases, it c ould be difficult for the employee to argue present his arguments successfully in front of the employer. For example, if an employer dismisses or suspends an employee without genuine reasons, it is difficult for the employee to convince the employer with his arguments. If the employee is a trade union member, he will try to solve his problems with the help of the union, in such circumstances. When a trade union, negotiates with the employer to solve the problems of an employee or group of employees, the process will be referred as union grievance process. â€Å"The grievance process enforces the collective bargaining agreement, which establishes the memberships' terms and conditions of employment† (Johnson). Grievances are taking place in all the departments of an organization even though the details of some of them could be kept confidential. Union grievance process consists of certain procedures. The case of union grievance process begins when an employee approaches his imm ediate supervisor with a problem, dispute or employment right violation complaint. â€Å"If an employee brings forward an alleged violation of the collective agreement, the

Philosophy Questions Essay Example for Free

Philosophy Questions Essay Question One A causal claim, by definition, is a statement about the causes of things. Regular (non-causal) claims are considered to be any declarative statement. While the regular claim can simply be made about anything as long as it is a declaration, causal statements require a certain sense of cause and effect. Causal claims examine the complex processes in which people, forces, events, and other things interact to cause certain phenomena. Causal claims rarely are proven due to the different things that may happen to cause things. Feedback: I agree with the answer because causal claims are definitively hard to prove. It depends on how you look at the event in question. Impartiality is a virtue when exploring causal claims and is often hard to keep when personally involved in the matter. Question Two A real life example of common thread reasoning in advertising is Listerine. Listerine is a mouthwash that claims to kill more germs than any other leading mouthwash. In actuality, mouthwash does not actually kill germs and the rate of germs killed does not meet FDA standards for antiseptics. The common thread would be that all mouthwashes claim to kill germs and they really do not. Most of them also claim they are antiseptics when they do not meet current FDA standards. Feedback: Listerine is a mouthwash which makes false claims as does many mouthwash companies. The common theme among these companies is their determination to market a product with falsehoods. If all of these companies make false claim, then what are they to be called?

Queensland Vegetarian Restaurant Business Plan Marketing Essay

Queensland Vegetarian Restaurant Business Plan Marketing Essay Queensland Vegetarian Restaurant (QVR) is new cafà © designed to offer strictly vegetarian meals in a cool, friendly and serenity downtown south of California on Azusa Ave, Hacienda Heights. QVR will be serving healthy, fresh, and fairly priced vegetarian meals prepared and sold in the business premises. The business will pride itself in the competent staff comprised of fresh talents from colleges and others equipped with the necessary experience with many of them coming with experience from similar oppositions elsewhere. The business will be registered as Queensland Vegetarian Restaurant. Startup capital is expected to be $ 1 million. The owner intends to raise the capital by securing a bank loan $ 500,000 and top with similar amount from own savings. The bank loan will be payable in 2 ½ years. The business is expected to generate a net profit of at least 257% by the end of the third year since operation commenced. 1.2 Introduction Recent campaigns for vegetarianism and its growing acceptance provide an excellent opportunity or QVR. To maintain fair prices while remaining competitive, QVR regular menus will be simple, but creatively prepared with varying ingredients. The foods will be obtained from regular locally available suppliers and if need be regional dealer will supplement groceries obtained locally but in all a cases quality check will ensure that the foodstuffs are strictly organically grown and healthy. There will be fine decors with clear counters displaying freshly baked breads, fresh juices, and fine non-caffeinated beverages. 2.0 THE EXTERNAL BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT 2.1 Market analysis California is the third largest and the most populous state in the US with over 35 million people. The biggest proportion of the population is aged 18 to 30. Latest studies show that these group of people form greatest proportion restaurant food consumers. Other studies show growing acceptance of vegetarianism and a bigger concern for organic foods. The physical location of the business promises is a human high traffic avenue thus strategic. The surrounding businesses will ensure QVR customer constancy. The immediate neighboring two colleges is another strategic element to the business. This will be another source of relatively reliable clientele. There will be even more opportunities on weekends during sporting activities and other occasional event in the colleges. 2.2 Competition Competition is a very revenant element to be assessed in the external environment. All though there are many other restaurants in the identified location of QVR, vegetarian operators are not common. Most restaurants are fast food. The growing demands for organic foods will be great opportunity and strengths to QVR. Furthermore, the demand for sit-down restaurant will put QVR relatively above competition in food industry. The staff will be trained efficiency and effectiveness in customer service. Our competitive advantage will be laid on quick and quality customer service. To attract customers, the refined dà ©cor, beautiful garden, open shades will conjure customers comfort. The philosophy behind QVRs competitiveness is the fact the best way to market own self is through quality service delivery to the clients. QVRs pricing model will also be its competitive strengths. The checked food and labor costs will ensure that the foods served are fairly and competitively priced. Versatile staff that will be rotated around major workstations will be hired on contractual basis. QVRs will be a smoke-free cafà ©, a policy that enhance our corporate strategy to maintain customers. 3.0 THE FUNCTIONAL AREAS OF BUSINESS 3.1 Running an Ethical and Socially Responsible business QVR will endeavor to uphold ethical standards in its operations. While adhering to the industry regulations, the business will go an extra mile to ensure its waste is properly disposed or recycled. Its concern for the environments will be manifested in the fact it is promoting health-eating lifestyles. In the community, the business will play significant role in installing dustbins around town branded with QVR logo. This will serve to market the business while at the same help maintain a litter free city. Occasionally, there will be feed-the-street-family programs. In this activity, QVR will dedicate its resources and distribute free food to the street family and the communities living in ghettos within town. 3.2 Entrepreneurship Business Formation To start with, the Restaurant will be a 35-seat hotel but it is expected to double its capacity within the first six months of operation. There will be neon signage off the road inviting and directing prospective clients to the inn. The premise which currently being refurbished, is on the ground floor and will be checkered tile on the floors, have booths and open-air shades. There will be alternative access to staircases for people physically challenged. In order for the business to keep its operations cost low, it will at first serve its customers via aver the counter. This will minimize the organizations spending on labor. The over-the-counter service will also be an opportunity for the customer to self-service hence no tipping costs. Financial advisors will be engaged to guide the business invest in relevant expansion programs. This will include acquisition of more facility premises and opening of other branches within town. 3.3 Managing Human Resources QVR will acknowledge the contribution and necessity of its human capital in quality service delivery to customers. Thought formally established at the beginning, the Human resources will ensure that qualified and competent staffs are hired. It will ensure that at no point in time does the business operations are halted to interrupt due to incompetency or lack of staff. Leaving staff will be replaces as soon as possible. The HR will also discipline deviant habits in the staff. 3.4 Motivation Motivation will be a tools used by the Human Resource department to maximize productivity and creativity in the staff. There will be incentives to hard working and dedicated staff. The incentives will also reduce labor turnover. Since there will be no tipping in the restaurant, cash rewards will be given to outstanding performance in customer service. Employees will be allowed to nominate one of their own whom they consider to have demonstrated unique abilities in the business operations. 3.5.0 Marketing 3.5.1 The Marketing Strategy QVR will initiate marketing programs that will increase its publicity. At the beginning for the first quarter, advertising costs is estimated at 5-8% of sales. All though radio and print mediums may not be effective enough, the company will complement its marketing medium with other creative ways. These include sponsored community projects and events with much publicity of QVR featured and distribution of menus downtown. Other initiatives will include sale of t-shirts and mugs with QVR logo and images of healthy vegetarian people. There will be signage posters with variety vegetarian dishes along the avenues from both directions towards the location of the business premises. 3.5.2 Marketing mix QVRs endeavor to attract customers and win their loyalty will be enhanced by our marketing mix. The business will be promoting healthy eating and this will be our brand identity. Product- QVR logo will be designed to describe the relationship between vegetarianism and health. All the business facilities and packaging and serving materials will be braded this way. Pricing-As mentioned earlier our optimal operation costs will enable the business offer fairly prices enticing to customers. All our products will be strictly vegetarian. This is one of our key marketing mix elements, which distinguish QVR from other businesses in the industry. Promotion- There will be vigorous promotional activities including advertisement, gift vouchers to loyal customers, and terrific days with special daily offers. Community services will also be utilized fully to increase QVRs publicity. Place- QVRs strategic location will enable access to the target customers. The place will be accessible both by pedestrians and an ambient and secure parking will be provided free of charge to driving customers. 3.6 Accounting and financial projection There will be strict accounting procedures that will ensure maximum revenue collection and minimizes expenses. Qualified cashiers and internal auditors will be employed in the business. The projects in this business plan are based on the evaluation of similar business operation in California. A glimpse of projection is as follows Worst-case scenario projection of sales: It is expected that an average of 150 customers per day for a year (360 days) with an average of guest check of $ 3.50 bring average annual sales to $ 189,000. Middle Projection: averages 200 customers per day for 360 day with an average check in of % 3.50 bring medium projection to $252,000/year in sales Ambitious Projections: average 300 customers per day for a year at guest check of $ 3.50 thus projected average sales will be $ 378, 000/year. Inventory Purchases are projected at 40% of sales but will reduce gradually to 30% by the end of the first year. Expenses: labor expenses will be determined by the prevailing wages based on the hour and tasks performed the employee. Taxation will apply as per government requirements. The business is projecting growth rate of 19-28% in the firsts three years spread as 19%, 23%, and 28% respectively. Below is the average projection sheet for the next 4 years. Sales Estimates projections (in 000) Year 2011 2012 2013 2014 $6,000 2,150 3,850 1,044 980 1,826 730.4 $1,095.6 Sales $1,300 $2,000 $4, 000 Cost of Goods 240 500 1,200 Gross sales revenues 1060 1,500 2,800 Overhead 560 628 880 Marketing 260 400 630 Earnings before interest and taxes 240 472 1,290 Taxes and interest 96 188.8 516 Net Profit $144 $283.2 $774

eight of Great Expectations by Charles Dickens. :: English Literature

Compare the The Darkness Out There by Penelope Lively and chapter eight of Great Expectations by Charles Dickens. In your essay explore plot, characters, setting, themes, language and structure. in The texts I have studied, going to discuss and compare are 'The Darkness Out There' by Penelope Lively and 'Great Expectations' by Charles Dickens. These texts were written in different periods of time, therefore they have differences in their outlook on life. For e.g. Great Expectations was written in the pre-20th century and includes major variations about his way of life, however The Darkness Out There was written in the 1970's and contains a younger more up to date example of text. 'The Darkness Out There' is a story of two teenage children who help out the elderly; their names are Kerry (the boy) and Sandra (the girl). These two children are about to discover during their visit how looks and stereotypical behaviour can be deceiving, towards the end of this story Sandra starts to realize how blind she has been up to now in her life and feels a possible need for a change of character. Chapter Eight of 'Great Expectations' is part of a tale of Pip's journey in life, at this point in the story he is going to meet Mrs. Havisham. She is a wealthy old woman who helps and takes on children, turning them into fine gentlemen and ladies, this visit to the old woman turns out to have a deeper incentive than it might seem. Mrs. Havisham seems to have sinister motives and strange fantasies of how she wants to define Estella. Different characters and settings make this an entrancing story. k work info In both of the texts the children visit an elderly lady, in 'The Darkness Out There' Kerry and Sandra are helpers for the local old people neighborhood service. On this day they both go to help an old Mrs. Rutter with her chores, however they do not bargain on what they are about to hear. In 'Great Expectations' Pip is going on a visit to Mrs. Havisham's manor house, unlike the other text his visit is about his future and how he will be brought up. Even though the children are going to visit the old women, the characters in the story are all afraid of different things. In 'The Darkness Out There' Sandra is afraid of the woods known as Packer's End, she is scared of it because of the secrets and stories it contains for example in the text, it says that 'She wouldn't go in there for a thousand pounds' and 'You didn't know who was around in

Engineering and National Defense :: essays papers

Engineering and National Defense Francis Dietz, a Government Relations worker for the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) in Washington, D.C., is calling upon engineers to help our policy makers in making decisions concerning defense research and design. In testimony to Congress given by the Department of Defense Task Force of ASME's Inter-Council Committee on Federal R & D, "†¦an increasing number of peacekeeping deployments to various parts of the globe, combined with relatively stagnant budgets, have combined to put a severe strain on the ability of the Department of Defense to appropriately plan for its future technology needs†¦" (Dietz 34). To further explain this claim of consequence, The group goes on to say, "†¦the basic research of today largely determines the technological advancements of a decade or more from now." (Dietz 34). This article states the importance of funding for national defense. It hopes to inform the reader about how the budget cuts in basic research have left the country vulnerable. In order to defend against the three major national security threats of nuclear proliferation, weapons of mass destruction, and breeches of information technology infrastructure, Congress will need to supply appropriate funds in science and technology (Dietz 34). In writing this article, the author hopes to gather enough support to lobby for more funds. The argument contains all three parts of the logic triangle. Logos is used when he states that a decrease in funding for R & D has made it harder to attract and retain talented engineers. Dietz also uses logos when he quotes Harry Armen saying, "If you don't design and build new systems, then someday when you need something new, there'll be nobody there who knows how to do it." (34). Ethos is found in the people and committees he gathers much of the information in the article. He uses groups like by the Department of Defense Task Force of ASME's Inter-Council Committee on Federal R & D and people like Rep. Julian Dixon as authorities to substantiate his claim. Pathos is used in the form of fear when the consequences of poor funding are realized. The article implies the US is leaving itself open to conventional, nuclear, and cyber attacks. The article was exactly right in my opinion.

Margaret Atwood’s poem “The Interior Decorator” Essay

Use of extended metaphors, and symbols to represent internal feelings and states of being are techniques Margaret Atwood utilizes in her poem â€Å"The Interior Decorator.† The poet attempts to describe an intrinsic struggle to hide and veil painful emotions through the art of interior decoration. It describes aspects of personality used to cover these feelings and the overall failure of it do so. When one examines the title â€Å"The Interior Decorator† one may think of a career which involves garnishing one’s home in style to make for a more pleasant atmosphere or an atmosphere that is conducive to the personality of the person living within that home. However, upon closer examination, one may realize another meaning. â€Å"Interior decorator† is a term which is more symbolic and describes an â€Å"art†of personality. The first stanza holds clues. â€Å"..but under/These ornate surfaces, the hard/Naked wood is still there.† Two symbols are introduced here. The ornate surfaces describe a pleasant and cheerful countenance while under this image a hardened spirit lies underneath. Stanza four reaffirms this position. Stanza two develops the poet’s ability to shelter her pain. â€Å"I am industrious and clever† Here she states plainly that she is gifted at hiding her true feelings. She paints â€Å"Landscapes on door panels and screens.† Here symbolism is developed further as door panels may represent doors to her heart or other aspects of her being. In parallel, the screens she paints provide illusion to the way she feels. By painting the â€Å"the doors and screens† she hopes others will follow the illusion instead of looking at what she really experiences. The introduction of the lemon tree in stanza three gives one clues about her pain. Here the symbol of pain is the bitter lemon rind. She states, â€Å"It is prudent to thus restrain one’s eden/Indoors.† Here she suggests that it is vital to sustain a sense of order within so that emotions don’t get the best of oneself. This is supported by the line, â€Å"And everything remains in it’s own spot.† â€Å"I never eat my bitter lemons† is her way of saying that she doesn’t process her emotions, therefore she successfully represses them and maintains a sense of control. But she is not successful. The devil introduced in stanza four represents the aspect of the poet that cannot avoid the pain-it sucks the unavoidable bitter lemon rinds. She states that she cannot make Him blend in with her flowery personality no matter what she displays (roses) to offset it. In other words, she states that she is unsuccessful in hiding her pain despite her charming personality and displays of laughter. Pain will exist until she goes through the process of grief and recognizes the â€Å"Devil† within. One may conclude that the interior decorator will have to step aside in order for a sense of peace to return. â€Å"The Interior Decorator† by Margaret Atwood is a powerful poem that uses distinct symbols to express her feelings and frustrations about life’s pain. It could be written about the loss of a loved one or friend, a disappointment with way life has turned out, or any tragic incident. She expresses her frustrations effectively about the pressure to cover one’s feelings and appear okay instead of processing them through grieving or a period of inner silence and honesty. The poet suggests that no matter how long one holds the emotions at bay they will prevail and one will have to address them. She is imparting a gift to the readership in a similar circumstance; set the interior decorator aside and be authentic, thereby allowing oneself to address the pain and move beyond it.

The Importance of Healthy Eating

The importance of healthy eating and the knowledge that I am not eating properly has impacted the way I look at food, but it has not yet translated into my daily food intake. Because I prefer grains and dairy products, I tend to snack and base my meals on these foods and have not yet added the necessary fruits and vegetables into my diet. According to the basics of the food pyramid (2007), I should be getting 5 servings of fruits and vegetables each day. Because I do not like the texture or taste of these food products, I have not yet increased my intake. Even though I know that increasing these items in my diet will help improve not only my overall dietary requirements, but also improve my nutrient consumption, I have not been able to force myself to eat things that I do not like. Instead, I have chosen to begin taking a multi-vitamin supplement to make certain that I am meeting my nutritional needs. One of the other drawbacks I had noticed in my diet was that I did not consume enough lean mean and beans on a regular basis. I am willing to eat more lean beef and chicken and have improved this some, my protein intakes are still lower than they should be on most days.   Using the pyramid tracker online (2007), I have discovered that my enjoyment of carbohydrates is leading to my exceeding the recommended calorie intake for me and have not been meeting my nutritional needs. One of the things I was surprised by was that I was not getting sufficient fiber. I discovered this was because I was eating white breads and crackers and carbohydrates made from processed grains instead of whole grains. I have been able to rectify this somewhat by simply changing to whole wheat crackers and bread. I have also added peanut butter to my crackers as a mid-morning snack and added another glass of milk with my crackers to make certain that I am meeting my dietary dairy needs. Because of this class, I am more aware of my food choices and have made a conscious effort to include more of the fruits into my diet. I had hoped at the beginning of the class that I would be able to modify my eating schedule and add fruits as a form of breakfast. I have not yet been able to do this. I am considering purchasing fruit juice to keep as a drink; Even if I only drink a few ounces of juice, this would be an improvement in that I don’t eat breakfast at all currently and I consume too few fruits. As I do not like vegetables in general, I am also considering the possibility of juices like V8 which are fortified with vegetables. Though I dislike this flavor as well, it avoids the texture issue I have with eating vegetables and it means I can reach my recommended daily allowance of vegetables without having to actually eat them. Furthermore, I have decided to keep baby carrots as a snack and attempt to eat them instead of crackers at some snack times in an effort to increase my vegetable consumption. I have also tried sliced apples with peanut butter as a snack to increase both my fruit consumption and my protein consumption. I have not particularly enjoyed these snack changes and have found that I fall easily back into my old eating patterns. Because I prefer grains and dairy, I have found that my fat and cholesterol intake are not terribly high, but neither is my nutrition (Tracker, 2007). Switching to whole grains has improved my fiber intake and because many grains are fortified, I am making inroads toward meeting my nutritional needs. I am currently doing so via taking a multi-vitamin, but because of this class, I am aware that it is much healthier to get my vitamins through food instead of pills. As such, I am trying to modify my diet to eat more iron-rich foods including red meat and vegetables, but I find that eating vegetables is very difficult. I have managed to force myself to begin eating smaller meals more frequently as a way to manage hunger and blood sugar levels, preventing binge eating and over-eating. I am hoping that these modifications to my diet will help to improve my overall energy levels and health. I have also been trying to get more exercise on the weekends as a means of improving my overall health and controlling weight gain. Based on my analysis of my diet and activity levels at the beginning of the class, it is clear that I have been gaining weight regularly because I take in almost 700 calories per day more than is recommended for me. Furthermore,   my lifestyle is more sedentary than even I realized and that contributes to both my lack of energy and my weight gain. Through the week I get some exercise via work, including a lot of walking, but on the weekends when I am largely devoted to my studies, my time is spent mostly working on a computer and studying. Neither of those activities use significant amounts of calories and help me to maintain a healthy lifestyle. Recently, to combat this I have begun taking a break every three to four hours from studying or other leisure activities on the weekend and going for a short walk. The 15 minutes walk helps reenergize me and clear my mind for the next bout of studying. I am also hoping that as I continue to do this I will be able to significantly increase my energy levels so that I do not feel so drained when I come in from work at night. I sued to enjoying working out with weights and believe that I could enjoy this again if I could simply motivate myself to go. Usually, by the time I am finished with a day’s work, I am more interested in relaxing than worrying about my health and fitness level. As I am not a morning person, the idea of getting to the gym before work in the morning is out of the question. Instead, I have decided to try to add a relaxing stroll either on my lunch hour or after dinner in the evenings as a way of increasing my overall fitness. I believe that improving my base fitness levels will lead to more energy and more desire to continue to increase my level of activity. As it stands now, I rarely get anything more than light activity and then only in short bursts. I believe that based on the things we have learned, if I increase each of those activities each day, I will soon be to the point where I can add moderate activity at least a few days a week. The most important things I have learned from this class is an eyes-open evaluation of my life. While I have not chosen yet to modify my lifestyle to what it needs to be, I am aware now of my failings and what steps will need to be taken to improve my lifestyle. I realize that my low energy levels are caused by my eating schedule and poor nutrition and that by improving what and when I eat, I can give myself more energy and be more active. I realize that every time I choose inaction over action I allow my body to become less fit and that fitness contributes to energy levels. I have found the resources, via the food pyramid and pyramid tracker on line to keep daily records and evaluate my progress. In short, this class has given me the tools necessary to live a healthy life and now I simply need to motivate myself to do it. List of References http://fnic.nal.usda.gov/nal_display/index.php?info_center=4&tax_level=2&tax_subject=256&topic_id=1342, USDA Food & Nutrition Information Center, June 17, 2007. www.myfoodpyramid.gov, June 17, 2007. www.mypyrmaidtracker.gov , June 17, 2007.

Should College Athletes Get Paid?

The question of whether or not college athletes should get paid is of heated debate in todays times. While many believe that student athletes are entitled to income, It remains undougtibly a concern of moral interest to universities across the country. This paper is going to explain the pros and cons that come with allowing student athletes the right to receive a salary. Should college athletes be paid? Let’s take a quick glance at the pros and cons of each perspective. For starters, in my opinion, yes, college athletes should get paid. What deserves debate, is the conversation of how to get this done.From my experience, in America, you get paid in proportion to the value you bring to the marketplace. College sports is one, if not the only, place where this isn’t the case. it’s only a matter of time before players start getting more than â€Å"a free education. † There are plenty of cons that come with paying students to play sports. According to Title IX, a federally-mandated law, if conferences and schools decide to increase the value of student-athlete scholarships to cover living expenses, they have to do it for women’s programs as well.This means that schools would have to, for example, increase the value of womens volleyball and softball scholarships as well. Schools have to stay in-accordance with Title IX, otherwise they’re risking their federal funding. And you know they’re not trying to lose out on any money. Another argument as to why schools should not allow student athletes to get paid is the fact that small schools would be at a disadvantage. How would the smaller schools and conferences afford this? The bigger conferences make way more money than the smaller conferences through their huge tv deals.So unless the Big Ten’s, and SEC’s of the world agree to donate revenue to conferences that make afraction of what they make, (think MAC and Mountain West conferences), wouldn’t this create an even wider gap recruiting-wise between the powerhouse conferences and the smaller conferences? ask yourself; if you were to choose between playing football for a small school, and a big school that’s legally giving you $5,000 in living expenses, which would you choose? Most college athletic programs are already losing money, so how could they afford to all male and female athletic programs, to cover for the athlete’s living expenses?Another concern to paying student athletes is the question of whether to pay athletes of all sports? Let’s be real here; men’s football and basketball teams are usually the programs that make the most money for universities, so if football players and basketball players got paid, does that mean that the men’s lacrosse and baseball players would get paid too? Most schools would not have the findings to financially pay athletes of the fur major sports in the united states. Finally players are still going to take under the table money.In my opinion, increasing scholarship amounts to cover living expenses may keep some of the kids from accepting money, but it’s not going to keep them all from doing it. I don’t think kids getting an extra $5,000 or so from their Universities wouldn’t keep the agents, boosters, etc. , from offering them cash and benefits. But I must admit, it’s definitely a step that I believe would at least keep some of the kids from accepting benefits; those that only take the money because of their circumstances or lack of cash for living expenses.There are plenty of beliefs, which justify paying student athletes. Jim Tressel gets paid close to $1 million a year for trying to win as many football games as possible. His players, however, earn no salary for doing the same thing. Although college athletes do get rewarded with scholarship money, there is a debate around the country as to whether that amount is enough compensation for all the work req uired of student athletes each year. Several Ohio State coaches were recently asked if they thought college athletes should be paid a salary, and their responses varied. I believe there is a big difference between paper money and real money, and the scholarships these kids get are only paper money,† said basketball coach Jim O’Brien. â€Å"They need to have some real money to walk around with that they can live off of. † Student athletes are not allowed to work much under NCAA regulations, and those who are in favor of paying them often point to that rule as a reason college athletes need money. But that reason isn’t enough for all coaches to share O’Brien’s views toward paying student athletes.Wrestling coach Russ Hellickson answered the same question: Should student athletes be paid? He came up with a very different response. â€Å"No, but they should be able to get what, say, a Presidential Scholar gets,† he said in an e-mail. †Å"This should be an educational experience. † Presidential Scholars receive full in-state tuition, room and board, book allowances and miscellaneous expenses — a total that OSU media relations estimates to be $12,483 per year for in-state students. That is nearly $2,000 more than an in-state athlete receives, even if they are awarded a full scholarship.Most of that $2,000 falls under the category of miscellaneous expenses, something athletes do not receive money for. The extra scholarship money is to be used for â€Å"athletic tickets, book costs, bus passes; anything that students need for living,† said Amy Murray, OSU spokeswoman. Some coaches are in favor of keeping things exactly as they are, without raising scholarship levels. Softball coach Linda Kalafatis said she did not feel well versed enough in the topic to know an answer to the question for sure, but she weighed in with her opinion on whether or not college athletes should get more for what they do.So ftball coach Linda Kalafatis said she did not feel well versed enough in the topic to know an answer to the question for sure, but she weighed in with her opinion on whether or not college athletes should get more for what they do. â€Å"There are some good arguments out there for it, but I am against it,† she said. â€Å"The fact that our kids get scholarship opportunities and good exposure makes the experience good. One of the issues that may be a problem with paying college athletes is the difference in revenue that each sport brings in through television contracts and other sources.At OSU, football and basketball both bring in a large amount of money for the university every year, so some may argue that they deserve a percentage of that. But do football and basketball players deserve more than athletes who participate in non-revenue sports? Some coaches chose not to comment on the issue because it is a delicate subject. Those who did respond felt strongly towards equalit y. â€Å"If money is given, all tendered athletes should be the same,† Hellickson said. â€Å"This isn’t and shouldn’t be the pros. We have more class. Athletics Director Andy Geiger agreed, saying if a compensation plan ever went into effect, it would have to be equal for everybody. That’s the only way it works,† he said. â€Å"It would not work, for instance, if only football and basketball players were paid. † Title IX calls for scholarship equality in college athletics, so if pay ever was given to student athletes, all sports would probably receive the same amount. The plan that is the most likely to take place in the next few years is the one Geiger mentioned during his recent interview.I wouldn’t mind seeing a liberalization of the financial aid rules to allow athletic grants and aid to move closer to the cost of education,† he said. â€Å"As far as players actually getting salaries — no. † Staying away from salaries for college athletes was the consensus of all coaches who chose to comment on the issue. â€Å"I’m not in favor of salaries, but some sort of stipend would be beneficial,† O’Brien said. When asked how much of a stipend he would like to see, O’Brien said that was something he did not know the answer to yet.He said it would have to be discussed at great length before he reached a decision. Another topic that is worth considering when deciding whether or not to pay student athletes is the fact that not all university sports programs earn as much as OSU’s. Equality is the key factor in this issue as well. Should a college with high-revenue programs, like OSU, be able to pay more than smaller Division I colleges? Under Title IX, the answer has to be no. â€Å"Since athletic budgets around the country aren’t all in as good shape as ours, I don’t really know how realistic a plan this is,† Kalafatis said.O’Brien said he agreed. â€Å"When you start talking about every sport at every college across the country, that’s a lot of money. Every sport would need to receive the same amount, so right now this is not too realistic of an option. † Hellickson thinks differently about the realism of the plan. Unfortunately, it will probably be driven through in the next five years by those who believe athletics is more important than education, With the popularity of sports nowadays, leagues are making more money than ever before.The universities are raking in the dough from these humongous television contracts, and the coaches and everybody else are seeing their fair share. † he said. Everybody waits in line for their piece of the pie, yet, the ones who make the system work are the ones who don't even get to taste the crumbs that have fallen onto the table. In fact, while everyone is going up for seconds, the athletes don't even get invited to the dinner table. I think we can all agree tha t collegiate sports is no longer an amateur enterprise, and I am not going to argue that fact with you.We can save that for a different time and different day of the week. Like everything in life, paying collegiate athletes has its pros and cons, but it would certainly save the sport of college basketball if some type of payment plan was installed. College basketball is by far a smaller market than college football is. I would say that more than half of the people that fill out the March Madness brackets don't even pay attention to the season until the month of February rolls around. And there are certainly reasons for that.One is that the sport has to compete with college football and the NFL until late January, and another is that the sport is slowly but surely suffering a slow death. I can't tell you how many times I have watched the â€Å"Fab Five† documentary on ESPN. I have watched it more than Seinfeld reruns, not because of everything they did for the game or because it was a great piece to keep you occupied when you have two hours to kill, but because I am wondering when or if we will ever see a team like that again.That squad was put together during the 1991 season, and all five of those players played at least two seasons. Four of the five stayed till their junior years, while two of the Fab Five played out their entire years of eligibility in a Michigan uniform. Nowadays, teams do land several of the most talented players in the country, but they end up leaving after one season. Even if the player is still raw at the position, needs to add on weight or could use another year to tweak his game, he is still off to the next level the second he hears he is first-round material and is guaranteed an NBA contract.Having players stay for more than one year would help create greater teams, as those programs would be able to add to the current talent rather than just replacing it. When you think of the greatest teams in college basketball, you think o f teams that were likely formed before you were even born. That's because the NBA wasn't handing out ridiculously large sums of money to these athletes and making it such an easy choice to leave college. It would also help even out the recruiting process, giving some of these other teams a better shot at competing for a national championship.The players that are going to be one-and-done only want to play for the best of the best schools, so they choose Duke, Kentucky, Syracuse and North Carolina because it gives them the best chance to win a title in the one season they are on campus. Well, if players were being paid, it would certainly help create a little more of an even playing field. If that player was going to stay in school a little bit longer, why wouldn't he think about staying close to home or joining a school with a little less talent where he can become the star rather than joining a team already stacked with 5-star recruits?Wouldn't college basketball be a lot more inter esting if it had many of the same players every year rather than having to get to know an entire roster every season? You thought Kentucky was good last season? Imagine if Brandon Knight and DeAndre Liggins had decided to stay for another season and had been a part of that championship roster. There is a reason that teams such as Harvard, Wichita State and Murray State are making noise lately, and it has a lot to do with experience on the roster.